你識(shí)別狗狗情緒的能力說(shuō)明了你來(lái)自哪里

你識(shí)別狗狗情緒的能力說(shuō)明了你來(lái)自哪里

After spending at least 30,000 years living alongside humans, dogs have become really good at reading our emotions.

在與人類(lèi)一起生活了至少3萬(wàn)年后，狗狗們變得非常善于解讀我們的情緒。

Not only can they understand some of our most iconic words, signs and gestures, studies have shown these animals can recognise our facial expressions and determine whether our responses are positive or negative.

研究表明，這些動(dòng)物不僅能聽(tīng)懂我們最標(biāo)志性的詞匯、手勢(shì)和手勢(shì)，還能識(shí)別我們的面部表情，并判斷我們的反應(yīng)是積極的還是消極的。

Even our closest relative, the chimpanzee, doesn't understand us to the same extent. But how well do we actually know our dogs?

即使是我們的近親黑猩猩，對(duì)我們的了解程度也不如我們。但是我們到底有多了解我們的狗呢?

New research suggests that primarily depends on where and how you grew up, not on whether you've ever actually owned one.

新的研究表明，這主要取決于你是在哪里以及如何長(zhǎng)大的，而不是你是否真的擁有過(guò)。

While most studies have looked into our pets' understanding of us, surprisingly few have turned the focus around - although, there are a few contending theories.

雖然大多數(shù)研究都著眼于寵物對(duì)我們的理解，但令人驚訝的是，很少有研究將焦點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)櫸?mdash;—盡管也有一些爭(zhēng)論的理論。

Under the co-domestication hypothesis, for instance, the close evolution of both humans and dogs is said to have resulted in an inherent reciprocal understanding. As both species grew closer over time, it follows that dogs evolved the ability to read human emotions and vice versa.

例如，根據(jù)共同馴化假說(shuō)，人類(lèi)和狗的密切進(jìn)化被認(rèn)為導(dǎo)致了一種內(nèi)在的相互理解。隨著時(shí)間的推移，這兩個(gè)物種的關(guān)系越來(lái)越近，由此得出結(jié)論，狗狗進(jìn)化出了解讀人類(lèi)情感的能力，反之亦然。

According to this theory, even though dog owners may be better at reading their pets than others, in the end, this ability is partially present in all humans.

根據(jù)這一理論，盡管狗主人可能比其他人更善于讀懂他們的寵物，但最終，這種能力部分地存在于所有人身上。

It's an interesting idea, but actual research looking into it has provided mixed results. Some studies have shown those people who are inexperienced with dogs are actually better at reading canine emotions, while others have found no difference whatsoever between dog-owners and non-owners.

這是一個(gè)有趣的想法，但對(duì)它的實(shí)際研究提供了混合的結(jié)果。一些研究表明，那些沒(méi)有養(yǎng)狗經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人實(shí)際上更善于讀懂狗的情感，而其他人則發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)狗者和不養(yǎng)狗者之間沒(méi)有任何區(qū)別。

A new, comprehensive study has now brought up partial support for this hypothesis. While some dog emotions like anger and happiness were easily recognised from a young age - suggesting they could be inherent - the authors argue this ability is mainly acquired through experience.

一項(xiàng)新的綜合研究已經(jīng)部分支持了這一假設(shè)。雖然一些狗狗的情緒，如憤怒和快樂(lè)，在很小的時(shí)候就很容易被識(shí)別出來(lái)——這表明它們可能是與生俱來(lái)的——但作者認(rèn)為這種能力主要是通過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn)獲得的。

In other words, recognising a dog's facial expression is not an evolutionarily selected trait, but rather a consequence of our cultural environment.

換句話說(shuō)，識(shí)別狗的面部表情不是一種進(jìn)化選擇的特征，而是我們的文化環(huán)境的結(jié)果。

In particular, participants with more general dog experience were overall more proficient at recognising dog emotions than participants with less general dog experience, the authors conclude.

作者總結(jié)道:“特別是，總體而言，有更多狗狗經(jīng)驗(yàn)的參與者，比那些沒(méi)有狗狗經(jīng)驗(yàn)的參與者，更善于識(shí)別狗狗的情緒。”