以下是將颶風(fēng)多里安的特征與氣候變化聯(lián)系起來(lái)的科學(xué)依據(jù)

The science connecting climate change to hurricanes like Dorian is strong. Warmer oceans fuel more extreme storms; rising sea levels bolster storm surges and lead to worse floods.

將氣候變化與多里安這樣的颶風(fēng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)的科學(xué)是強(qiáng)有力的。溫暖的海洋助長(zhǎng)了更多的極端風(fēng)暴;海平面上升助長(zhǎng)了風(fēng)暴潮，并導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的洪水。

Just this summer, after analyzing more than 70 years of Atlantic hurricane data, NASA scientist Tim Hall reported that storms have become much more likely to "stall" over land, prolonging the time when a community is subjected to devastating winds and drenching rain.

就在今年夏天，在分析了70多年的大西洋颶風(fēng)數(shù)據(jù)后，美國(guó)宇航局科學(xué)家蒂姆·霍爾(tim hall)報(bào)告說(shuō)，風(fēng)暴在陸地上“停滯”的可能性大大增加，延長(zhǎng)了一個(gè)社區(qū)遭受毀滅性大風(fēng)和大雨的時(shí)間。

But none of the numbers in his spreadsheets could prepare Hall for the image on his computer screen this week: Dorian swirling as a Category 5 storm, monstrous and nearly motionless, above the islands of Great Abaco and Grand Bahama.

但他的電子表格里沒(méi)有一個(gè)數(shù)字能讓霍爾為本周他電腦屏幕上的畫(huà)面做好準(zhǔn)備:多里安在大阿巴科島(Great Abaco)和大巴哈馬群島(Grand Bahama)上空盤(pán)旋，像一場(chǎng)5級(jí)風(fēng)暴，巨大無(wú)比，幾乎靜止不動(dòng)。

Seeing it "just spinning there, spinning there, spinning there, over the same spot," Hall said, "you can't help but be awestruck to the point of speechlessness".

霍爾說(shuō)，看到它“就在那兒轉(zhuǎn)啊轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)啊轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)啊轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)到同一個(gè)地方，不禁被驚嚇到說(shuō)不出話(huà)來(lái)。”

After pulverizing the Bahamas for more than 40 hours, Dorian finally swerved north Tuesday as a Category 2 storm.

在摧毀巴哈馬群島40多個(gè)小時(shí)后，多里安終于在周二以2級(jí)風(fēng)暴的形式向北轉(zhuǎn)向。

It is expected to skirt the coasts of Florida and Georgia before striking land again in the Carolinas, where it could deliver more life-threatening wind, storm surge and rain.

預(yù)計(jì)它將繞過(guò)佛羅里達(dá)州和喬治亞州海岸，然后再次在卡羅萊納州登陸，在那里可能會(huì)帶來(lái)更多危及生命的風(fēng)、風(fēng)暴潮和雨。

"Simply unbelievable," tweeted Marshall Shepherd, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Georgia and former president of the American Meteorological Society.

喬治亞大學(xué)大氣科學(xué)家、美國(guó)氣象學(xué)會(huì)前主席馬歇爾·謝潑德在推特上說(shuō)：“簡(jiǎn)直難以置信。”

"I feel nausea over this, and I only get that feeling with a few storms."

“我對(duì)此感到惡心，少有幾場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨會(huì)有這種感覺(jué)。”

The hurricane has matched or broken records for its intensity and for its creeping pace over the Bahamas. But it also fits a trend: Dorian's appearance made 2019 the fourth straight year in which a Category 5 hurricane formed in the Atlantic - the longest such streak on record.

颶風(fēng)的強(qiáng)度和在巴哈馬上空的緩慢移動(dòng)速度都達(dá)到或打破了記錄。但這也符合一種趨勢(shì)：多里安的出現(xiàn)使2019年成為大西洋連續(xù)第四年形成5級(jí)颶風(fēng)——這是有記錄以來(lái)持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的一次。

Shocking though the storm has been, meteorologists and climate scientists say it bears hallmarks of what hurricanes will increasingly look like as the climate warms.

盡管這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴令人震驚，但氣象學(xué)家和氣候科學(xué)家說(shuō)，隨著氣候變暖，它帶有颶風(fēng)越來(lái)越像的特征。

Dorian's rapid intensification over the weekend was unprecedented for a hurricane that was already so strong. In the space of nine hours Sunday, its peak winds increased from 150 mph to 180 mph (240 km/h to 290 km/h).

多里安在周末的快速增強(qiáng)對(duì)于已經(jīng)如此強(qiáng)烈的颶風(fēng)來(lái)說(shuō)是前所未有的。在星期天的9小時(shí)內(nèi)，它的最高風(fēng)速?gòu)拿啃r(shí)150英里增加到每小時(shí)180英里(每小時(shí)240公里到290公里)。

By the time the storm made landfall, its sustained winds of 185 mph (298 km/h) were tied for strongest ever observed in the Atlantic.

風(fēng)暴登陸時(shí)，它的持續(xù)風(fēng)速為每小時(shí)185英里(298公里)，是大西洋觀測(cè)到的最強(qiáng)風(fēng)速。

The link between rapid intensification and climate change is robust, said Jennifer Francis, an atmospheric scientist at Woods Hole Research Center.

伍茲霍爾研究中心(woods hole research center)的大氣科學(xué)家詹妮弗?弗朗西斯(jennifer francis)表示，氣候迅速加劇與氣候變化之間的聯(lián)系非常緊密。

Heat in the ocean is a hurricane's primary source of fuel, and the world's oceans have absorbed more than 90 percent of the warming of the past 50 years, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

海洋中的熱量是颶風(fēng)的主要燃料來(lái)源，據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家海洋和大氣管理局(national ocean and atmospheric administration)稱(chēng)，過(guò)去50年來(lái)，全球海洋吸收了90%以上的變暖。