科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“超深”鉆石的寶藏

科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“超深”鉆石的寶藏

Scientists have found a trove of “super-deep” diamonds from hundreds of miles below the Earth’s surface.

科學(xué)家們?cè)诘厍虮砻嫦聨装儆⒗锾幇l(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)“超深”鉆石寶藏。

The diamonds were found in the Juina area of Brazil and likely came from a depth of 255 miles to 410 miles, according to an international team of researchers. A volcanic eruption brought the rocks to the surface, The Independent reports.

據(jù)一個(gè)國(guó)際研究小組稱，這些鉆石是在巴西朱麗娜地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，很可能來(lái)自255英里至410英里的深處。據(jù)《獨(dú)立報(bào)》報(bào)道，一次火山爆發(fā)將這些巖石帶到了地表。

The results of the scientists’ research are published in the journal Science.

科學(xué)家的研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上。

Graham Pearson

“We analyzed, for the first time, helium isotopes contained in microscopic bubbles inside the super-deep diamonds,” said research leader Suzette Timmerman, of the Australian National University, in a statement.

澳大利亞國(guó)立大學(xué)的研究負(fù)責(zé)人SuzetteTimmerman在一份聲明中說(shuō)：“我們首次分析了超深鉆石內(nèi)部微觀氣泡中所含的氦同位素。”

Researchers say that the isotopes support the idea of a “primordial” reservoir of molten rock that has been around since, or very soon after, the Earth was formed.

研究人員表示，這些同位素支持“原始”熔融巖石儲(chǔ)集層的觀點(diǎn)，這些熔融巖石自地球形成以來(lái)就存在，或者在地球形成后不久就存在。

“Diamonds form perfect capsules so they retain the exact chemistry and the isotope composition of material from the part of the Earth where they formed,” said the study co-author, Lynton Jaques, of the Australian National University. “These diamonds, in particular, are some of our deepest direct samples of the Earth. They allow us to see some original material from the formation of the Earth, that doesn’t seem to have changed much over the past four billion years.”

“鉆石形成完美的膠囊，所以它們保留了形成鉆石的地球部分的精確化學(xué)成分和同位素組成，”該研究的合著者、澳大利亞國(guó)立大學(xué)的林頓·雅克斯(Lynton Jaques)說(shuō)。“特別是這些鉆石，是我們地球上最深的直接樣本之一。它們讓我們看到了地球形成時(shí)的一些原始物質(zhì)，在過(guò)去40億年里，這些物質(zhì)似乎沒(méi)有發(fā)生多大變化。”

Graham Pearson

Timmerman will present the research findings at the Geochemical Society and the European Association of Geochemistry’s Goldschmidt conference in Barcelona on Aug. 23.

Timmerman將于8月23日在巴塞羅那舉行的地球化學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)和歐洲地球化學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)的戈德施密特會(huì)議上展示他的研究成果。

In the US, a vacationing schoolteacher recently garnered plenty of attention when he found a 2.12-carat brown diamond at the Crater of Diamonds State Park in Arkansas.

在美國(guó)，一位正在度假的教師，最近在阿肯色州鉆石國(guó)家公園的隕石坑里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆2.12克拉的棕色鉆石，引起了廣泛關(guān)注。

The Crater of Diamonds State Park lets visitors search for real diamonds in their original volcanic source.

鉆石火山口國(guó)家公園讓游客在原始的火山源中尋找真正的鉆石。