If you want to know where next year’s most in-demand travel destination may be, just look at the next few month’s releases of movies and TV shows.
如果你想知道明年最熱門的旅游景點是哪些,只需看看接下來幾個月上映的電影和電視劇便可知曉。
The “set-jetting” trend—travelers seeking out destinations they’ve seen in movies and shows—seems to be having a bit of a moment, and tourism boards are scrambling to make the most of it.
所謂的“取景地旅游”指的是游客去電影和電視劇中的取景地游覽,這股“取景地打卡”風潮近來似乎風頭很勁,各地旅游局也都爭相利用這一熱潮。
The Croatian island of Vis eagerly anticipated the so-called “Mamma Mia effect”; Game of Thrones has irrevocably changed tourism in the ancient Croatian city of Dubrovnik; and with last week’s release of Crazy Rich Asians, the Singapore tourism board ramped up its efforts to lure set-jetters eager to experience the lavish lifestyle depicted in the film.
克羅地亞維斯島正熱切地期待著所謂的“媽媽咪呀效應”;《權力的游戲》一劇已經永遠地改變了克羅地亞杜布羅夫尼克古城的旅游業(yè);上周《摘金奇緣》上映后,新加坡旅游局也開始賣力招攬想要體驗電影中奢華生活方式的游客。
Set-jetting is not a new phenomenon. The sets in the Tunisian desert that director George Lucas built for the planet of Tatooine in the first Star Wars film have been the site of fan pilgrimages for decades.
到取景地旅游不是什么新鮮事。導演喬治·盧卡斯在突尼斯沙漠為《星球大戰(zhàn)》第一部中的塔圖因星球搭建的布景幾十年來一直是粉絲們的朝圣之地。
A Guardian article from 2005 reports that “27% of Britons say they have chosen holiday destinations as a result of reading about them in a novel or seeing them in a movie or TV series.” And of course cities like New York, LA, and London have always lured set-jetters, thanks to the sheer number of screen-based storylines that take place there. But today’s dizzying array of content seems to be making the trend go wild, with higher quality television series appearing on more platforms serving as inspiration.
《衛(wèi)報》2005年的一篇文章報道稱“27%的英國人表示,自己選擇到某個地方去度假是因為之前在小說或影視劇中看到過”。當然,紐約、洛杉磯和倫敦總是會吸引大量取景地游客,以這些大城市為背景的劇本實在太多了。眼花繚亂的旅游資訊轟炸,再加上更多平臺上涌現出的高質量電視劇提供了靈感來源,這一潮流變得一發(fā)不可收拾。
The prime example of this, of course, is the aforementioned Game of Thrones. In addition to Croatia, the series was filmed in parts of Spain, Northern Ireland, and Iceland, a country that saw a staggering increase in tourism in the past ten years—no doubt spurred in part by the series.
一個絕佳的例子便是前面提到的《權力的游戲》。除了克羅地亞以外,該劇還在西班牙、北愛爾蘭和冰島的部分地區(qū)取景。過去十年間,冰島的旅游業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,無疑有一部分是拜《權游》所賜。
In addition, Vogue reported that Monterey, California had seen a bump in tourism since Big Little Lies premiered (those visitors might be disappointed to learn that much of it was filmed in Malibu and Big Sur); and the British seaside region of Cornwall has had an influx of international visitors thanks to the BBC period drama series Poldark.
此外,據《Vogue》雜志報道,自從電視劇《大小謊言》播出后,去加州蒙特利的游客數量大增(不過游客要是知道該劇大部分都是在馬里布和大蘇爾拍攝的,恐怕會感到失望);英國臨海的康沃爾郡有大批海外游客涌入也是因為BBC年代劇《波爾達克》。
It’s tempting to blame set-jetting for the crisis of overtourism that seems to be gripping some of the same cities where it’s so visible. Indeed, some recent articles have done just that. But in fact, the crisis of overtourism has much more to do with the increasing accessibility of global travel, and the failure of governments to regulate the tide of tourism. It’s a confluence of factors that has nothing to do with movies or TV shows: low-cost carriers offering low fare tickets; the rise of China’s middle class; currency fluctuations; the ever-increasing capacity of mega cruise ships; and the ubiquity of a largely unregulated Airbnb.
一些著名的取景地城市似乎正面臨著過度旅游的危機,取景地旅游熱潮也因此成為“背鍋俠”。確實,最近很多文章都在批判這一現象。但事實上,過度旅游危機更多的是因為出國旅游變得更容易,以及政府未能調控好游客流量。這是多個因素共同作用的結果,而不能歸咎于電影或電視劇。導致過度旅游的因素包括:低成本航空公司提供了廉價機票;中國中產階級的崛起;貨幣匯率波動;大型游輪的載客量越來越大;幾乎不受監(jiān)管的愛彼迎短租房無處不在。
Sure, a blockbuster set in a sleepy seaside town can send it a hoard of obnoxious cinephile tourists, but locals may welcome that business. And ultimately, if art opens the world up and inspires people to explore it—that’s not such a bad thing.
誠然,一部賣座大片會給一座寧靜的海邊小鎮(zhèn)送去一大群討厭的影迷游客,但當地人也可能會歡迎旅游業(yè)興旺帶來的商機。說到底,如果藝術能讓世界變得開放,啟發(fā)人們去探索這個世界,這未嘗不是一件好事。
取景地旅游潮不只發(fā)生在國外,早在多年前,國內就興起了多個被取景地帶火的旅游勝地,從喬家大院到云南麗江,來看看都有哪些景點借了影視劇的“東風”:
喬家大院
喬家大院是國家AAAAA級旅游景區(qū),全國重點文物保護單位,國家二級博物館,每年接待數以百萬計的游客。而喬家大院的火熱還得從同名電視劇說起。
2006年,由胡玫執(zhí)導的商戰(zhàn)劇《喬家大院》在其播出的20余天里一直將收視率全國第一的寶座占為己有,在北京地區(qū)收視最高創(chuàng)下17.33%。而這部電視劇的另一個作用則是再現了山西獨特的民俗風情、地域色彩和歷史文化。有人說,《喬家大院》的播出帶火了整個山西旅游。
烏鎮(zhèn)
烏鎮(zhèn)是江南的一個水鄉(xiāng)小鎮(zhèn),古舊、安詳、幽靜,它從原本的默默無聞到現在成為國家名片,多半要歸功于電視劇《似水年華》。
在《似水年華》中,女主角劉若英和黃磊在烏鎮(zhèn)邂逅,上演了一段美妙的愛情故事。如今的烏鎮(zhèn),是全國二十個黃金周預報景點及江南六大古鎮(zhèn)之一。2014年11月19日始,烏鎮(zhèn)成為世界互聯網大會永久會址。
麗江
云南麗江在清冷的玉龍雪山頂上,終年云霧繚繞,即使是在最晴朗的天氣,陽光也很難穿透云層。傳說每年秋分是日月交合同輝同映的日子,只有在特別偶然的時刻,才能看到有一米長的陽光照在山頂,而神靈會在那天賜予人間最完美的愛情陽光。
2004年,愛情電視劇《一米陽光》熱播。慢慢的,小有名氣的麗江開始被越來越多的人所熟知。藝術家、文藝青年像發(fā)現世外桃源般的蜂擁而至,青春男女們如同朝圣愛情福地般奔走相告。如今的麗江已是聞名遐邇的浪漫旅游勝地。
大新
2015年由當紅花旦趙麗穎主演的《花千骨》不僅捧紅了一批演員,更捧紅了取景地廣西大新縣的德天跨國大瀑布、明仕田園、恩城等景區(qū),使大新成為熱門旅游地。
同年,大新縣三景區(qū)的游客預訂量比2014年同期增長了6倍,游客量增長了100%。同時,也帶動整個大新縣的旅游發(fā)展,使其游客量高達450.2萬人次,同比增長28.38%,旅游綜合收入33.26億元,同比增長46.91%。
長白山
2015年8月17日是網絡熱播劇《盜墓筆記》中提及的“長白山十年之約”,是主人公張起靈“回歸的日子”,使得長白山景區(qū)受到了不少原著黨的追捧,大批《盜墓筆記》“粉絲”或單獨、或組團,紛紛奔赴長白山。同程旅游預訂數據顯示,劇集播出后,長白山景區(qū)的游客量增長了200%,也使得長白山周邊民宿出現爆滿現象。
普者黑
2017年一部由楊冪領銜主演的古裝仙俠劇《三生三世十里桃花》火遍了四海八荒,劇中白淺姑姑居住的世外桃源——“青丘”更是讓無數粉絲心馳神往,使得“青丘”的現實版——云南丘北普者黑,一躍成為游客爭相前往的旅游勝地。2017年,丘北縣共接待中外游客425萬人次,其中,普者黑景區(qū)就接待了100.65萬人次,實現旅游收入29.37億元,各項指標均創(chuàng)歷史新高。