抗日戰(zhàn)爭詞匯權(quán)威英譯

中央編譯局近期連續(xù)發(fā)布了一批中央文獻重要術(shù)語權(quán)威英譯，最近發(fā)布的這些術(shù)語側(cè)重于抗日戰(zhàn)爭期間的重大事件、戰(zhàn)役、戰(zhàn)術(shù)、抗戰(zhàn)的主要力量，既充分反映了抗戰(zhàn)的歷史，也展示了中國共產(chǎn)黨在全民族團結(jié)抗戰(zhàn)中的中流砥柱作用。同時，他們還挑選了一些揭示日本侵略者滔天罪行的術(shù)語。這些術(shù)語主要來自習(xí)近平總書記相關(guān)講話，以及正在翻譯的《中國共產(chǎn)黨歷史》。

中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(簡稱：抗日戰(zhàn)爭、抗戰(zhàn))

the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resistance)

抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線

Chinese united front against Japanese aggression

全面全民族抗戰(zhàn)

total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation

片面抗戰(zhàn)

partial resistance against Japanese aggression

全國抗戰(zhàn)

nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression

局部抗戰(zhàn)

regional war of resistance against Japanese aggression

正面戰(zhàn)場

center stage battlefield

敵后戰(zhàn)場

backstage battlefield

戰(zhàn)略防御/相持/反攻

strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive

世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭

the Global War against Fascism

國際反法西斯統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線

the international anti-fascist united front

戰(zhàn)爭策源地

hotbed of war

中國戰(zhàn)場

China theater

歐洲戰(zhàn)場

European theater

太平洋戰(zhàn)場

Pacific theater

東方主戰(zhàn)場

the main Eastern battlefield

【例】中國開辟了世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭的東方主戰(zhàn)場。

The main Eastern battlefield for the Global War against Fascism was developed in China.

無條件投降

unconditional surrender

中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利紀念日

Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day)

事變

Incidents

九一八事變

September 18th Incident

七七事變(盧溝橋事變)

July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)

會戰(zhàn)、大戰(zhàn)

Battle/Campaign

淞滬會戰(zhàn)

Battle of Shanghai

平型關(guān)大捷

Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan

臺兒莊大捷

Battle of Tai'erzhuang; victory at Tai'erzhuang

武漢會戰(zhàn)

Battle of Wuhan

百團大戰(zhàn)

Hundred-Regiment Campaign

軍隊

Army

八路軍

Eighth Route Army

新四軍

New Fourth Army

東北抗日聯(lián)軍

Northeast United Resistance Army

華南人民抗日游擊隊

Southern China People's Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force

中國遠征軍

Chinese Expeditionary Force

戰(zhàn)術(shù)

Tactics

持久戰(zhàn)

protracted war

游擊戰(zhàn)

guerrilla warfare

運動戰(zhàn)

mobile warfare

地道戰(zhàn)

tunnel warfare

地雷戰(zhàn)

landmine warfare

地區(qū)

Base/Area

抗日根據(jù)地

resistance base

解放區(qū)

liberated area

游擊區(qū)

guerrilla area

敵占區(qū)(淪陷區(qū))

enemy-occupied area; occupied area

日軍侵略政策

Aggression policies

“大東亞共榮圈”

“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”

“三光”政策

“Three Alls” policy (kill all, burn all, loot all)

“731部隊”(滿洲第731部隊)

“Unit 731” (Unit 731 of Manchuria)

南京大屠殺

Nanjing Massacre

“慰安婦”

“comfort women”

細菌戰(zhàn)

germ warfare

化學(xué)戰(zhàn)

chemical warfare

“掃蕩”

“mopping-up” operation

“蠶食”

“gnawing-away” operation

“清鄉(xiāng)”

“pacification” operation