CNN News:黑素瘤有多可怕你知道嗎？

ELIZABETH COHEN, CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT: A melanoma is a cancer that begins in the skin cells. The face and the neck are common areas for melanomas to appear. For men also, the chest and the back, for women, the legs. Exposure to U.V. lights such as the sun causes most melanomas.

黑素瘤是始于皮膚細(xì)胞的一種癌癥。面部和頸部是黑素瘤常見的出現(xiàn)區(qū)域。對(duì)男性而言，還包括胸部和背部，對(duì)女性而言，則在腿部。大多數(shù)患黑素瘤是由于暴露在紫外燈下，例如太陽。

When melanoma is caught early, it’s almost always curable. In fact, when you look at people where melanoma was caught early, five years later, 97 percent of them are still alive. But when melanoma is caught late, it is extremely deadly. When you look at melanomas that are stage four, that’s the most advanced, five years later, only 15 percent to 20 percent of those people are still alive.

黑素瘤在早期發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，幾乎是可以治愈的。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)你觀察一下那些被早期發(fā)現(xiàn)黑素瘤的人們，在五年之后，他們中的97%都還健在。但黑素瘤到晚期才發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，是非常致命的。當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)黑素瘤已達(dá)到第四階段時(shí)，五年后，這些人只有15％到20％仍然活著。這是最新數(shù)據(jù)。

Unfortunately, melanoma is particularly likely to spread to the brain. When you look at people with stage four melanoma, 60 percent of those patients will develop brain tumors.

不幸的是，黑素瘤特別容易擴(kuò)散到大腦，當(dāng)你觀察黑素瘤已經(jīng)達(dá)到第四階段的人們，這些患者中的60%都已患上腦瘤。

There are various treatments for melanoma. It can include surgery, radiation chemotherapy and the use of targeted, newer cancer drugs.

針對(duì)黑素瘤有各種治療方法。包括外科手術(shù)、放射化學(xué)療法和使用靶向藥物、新的癌癥藥物。

Now, some melanomas can’t be prevented, but some can. So, the most important thing is to stay out of the sun as much as you can, and if you are in the sun, cover up with clothing or with sunscreen. And certainly, don’t use tanning beds.

現(xiàn)在，一些黑素瘤不可預(yù)防，但有些可以。因此，最重要的是盡可能地遠(yuǎn)離太陽，如果你在陽光下，要使用衣物或防曬霜遮蓋。當(dāng)然，不要使用日光浴床。

The American Cancer Society recommends that you check your body once a month. Look for moles, look for new moles, and also for changes in moles that already you have.

美國癌癥協(xié)會(huì)建議您每月檢查一次身體。尋找痣，尋找新的痣并且還要觀察已經(jīng)存在的痣的變化。