時(shí)差N小時(shí):最危險(xiǎn)的物種,人類

What would you say is the deadliest animal on earth—the most dangerous, brutal, destructive? Thewolf? The tiger? The great white shark? Nope. Thebest answer is the species known as Homo sapiens—human beings.

你認(rèn)為世界上最致命的物種是什么——最危險(xiǎn)，最殘暴，最具毀滅性的物種?狼?老虎?大白鯊?全都不是。最正確的答案是被稱為智人種的人類。

Not only do we kill members of other species at arate unparalleled in the history of the planet, but wedo something which is singular in the animal world:we make a point of killing each other, too.

人類不僅以前所未有的速度殺害其它物種，而且也自相殘殺，這種所作所為在動(dòng)物界中堪稱獨(dú)一無二。

That is, this kind of behavior was thought to be singular until just a few decades ago. It was1974 when the first hard evidence of intra-species murder was documented in animals otherthan man—that is, animals going out of their way to find a member of their own species andkill it without immediate provocation.

直到幾十年以前，這種行為仍被認(rèn)為是獨(dú)特的。1974年第一起證據(jù)確鑿的種內(nèi)謀殺案件被記錄在案，這次案件的兇手是動(dòng)物而不是人。換而言之，動(dòng)物用自己的方式尋找同類敵人，在沒有直接挑釁的情況下殺掉它。

The species witnessed committing these murders was the chimpanzee, a close relative tohuman beings. Further observation of primate behavior has discovered that not only is intra-species murder common, so are such brutalities as rape, battering of females and infanticide.

那些被目睹犯下謀殺罪行的物種便是猩猩，一個(gè)人類的近親物種。更進(jìn)一步地觀察靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的行為，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在這個(gè)種群里內(nèi)不僅種內(nèi)謀殺很常見，連強(qiáng)奸，重傷雌性猩猩，殺嬰這類暴行也時(shí)有發(fā)生。

It seems that the worst traits in human behavior started developing long before human beingsper se existed; as primates we have a very nasty evolutionary inheritance. Does this meanthat war, crime and violence among humans is unavoidable?

這似乎說明在人類開始進(jìn)化很久以前，這種最糟糕的特質(zhì)本就存在：作為靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物，我們進(jìn)化遺傳了這種丑惡的特質(zhì)。那么這意味著人類發(fā)起戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，犯罪還有暴力事件是不可避免的嗎?

It would not be fair to go that far; but the evidence of violence in those species most closelylinked to our own does suggest that humanity will have to work very hard indeed atovercoming its genetic inheritance, if we are going to live in peace—or continue to live.

事態(tài)還沒有嚴(yán)重到這種地步;但這種與每個(gè)人都戚戚相關(guān)的暴力證據(jù)暗示著人們，要想和平相處，繼續(xù)活下去的話，就得非常努力地克服自身的基因缺陷。