A. 分隔:句子中對主干進行修飾或補充的成分
定語從句:that 同位語:that who “,” 插入語:“,” 分詞結(jié)構(gòu):分詞 不定式結(jié)構(gòu):to 介詞短語:介詞
B. 粘連:由分號或冒號分開的上下句結(jié)構(gòu)(大粘連)和一個句子內(nèi)部的直接簡單重復(小粘連)
大粘連:直接同義重復:并列、因果關(guān)系詞
雙重否定與肯定句重復:(1)A;not 非A (2)A;It's wrong/foolish/presumptuous to say 非A
主動句與被動句重復:is the result of is the outgrowth of is the product of A?B;B?by A
逆否命題重復:A?B;非B?非 A(無被動句標志詞)
比較句重復:to the same degree/extent as…as more/less -er better than
手段目的句重復:by for in terms of
特殊并列句重復:包含兩個并列關(guān)系從句的句式
時間對比句重復:once formerly initial pristine erstwhile hereto hithertonow future before recent begin start create until no longer previous
比喻句重復:like as
小粘連:and but rather than even as…as so…as to…
2. 判斷句子邏輯關(guān)系:找出信號詞,判斷句子的并列、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系和正(+)、反(—)態(tài)度關(guān)系
A. 并列關(guān)系:并列 遞進 條件 因果 分號、冒號、破折號
并列:and also or just as similarly correspondingly in the same way indeed accordingly
遞進:even
因果:derive from lead to due to because cause since for thereforethus hence in that so…that so…as to as a result result in result fromaccordingly consequently give rise to
B. 讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折:even though although even…though while whereas but yethowever nevertheless notwithstanding despite in spite of in contrast toon the contrary on the other hand far from rather than whateverotherwise ironically ill**ically paradoxically curiously surprisinglyunfortunately
although…, remain/continue(兩次轉(zhuǎn)折,— + —) 分號
C. 作者的正、反態(tài)度:態(tài)度語氣詞;在沒有中心詞時,特別要注意靠空格的正、反態(tài)度來解題
D. 強烈對比:時間強對比 人物強對比 對象強對比(句子敘述對象的轉(zhuǎn)移)
E. 照應:人稱代詞:it 指示代詞:such this that those these 定冠詞:the
F. 主體詞:主體動詞:continue remain shift from…to oscillate between…and turn…into reconcile…and… 人物身份名詞 特征人物的特征性質(zhì)或特征動作
3. 定位中心詞:
定位與空格對應的詞匯或短語;無中心詞時一般要根據(jù)句子邏輯關(guān)系兩空格同時做,兩空格相隔很近時一般也要同時做
4. 解題:
以上三步是做題的關(guān)鍵,體現(xiàn)了解題的思路流程,但并不是每題都必須完成這三步才能解題,這三步分別強調(diào)了解題的不同方面和角度,一般用兩步或三步即可解題。
最后的提醒: 四種錯誤原因:
A. 邏輯關(guān)系弄反
B. 因為句子復雜或含義晦澀, 找不到中心詞
C. 沒有中心詞
D. 選項中的詞義理解不到位