英語(yǔ)美文名人勵(lì)志故事18:鄭和下西洋的故事
18. Zheng He's Voyages
18. 鄭和下西洋
Early in the 15th century, a huge fleet of ships set sail from Nanjing. It was the first of a series of voyages that would, for a brief period, establish China as the leading power of the age. The voyage was led by Zheng He, the most important Chinese adventurer of all time and one of the greatest sailors the world has ever known.
15世紀(jì)初，一支浩浩蕩蕩的船隊(duì)從南京啟航。這次遠(yuǎn)航揭開(kāi)了其后一連串海上航行的序幕，并在短暫時(shí)間內(nèi)為中國(guó)確立了大國(guó)領(lǐng)先的地位。鄭和統(tǒng)帥了這次遠(yuǎn)航，他是中國(guó)歷史上最重要的探險(xiǎn)家，也是舉世聞名的最偉大的航海家之一。
In 1371, Zheng He was born in what is now Yunnan Province to Muslim parents, who named him Ma Sanpao When he was 11 years old, invading Ming armies captured Ma and took him to Nanjing. There he was castrated and made to serve as a eunuch in the imperial household.
公元1371年，鄭和出生在現(xiàn)在的云南省的一個(gè)穆斯林家庭里。他的父母給他取名為馬三保。馬三保11歲時(shí)，被入侵云南的明軍擄至南京，被凈身后入宮，選去王府做內(nèi)宮太監(jiān)。
Ma befriended a prince there who later became the Yong Le Emperor, one of the Ming Dynasty's most distinguished. Brave, strong, intelligent and totally loyal, Ma won the trust of the prince who, after ascending the throne, gave him a new name and made him Grand Imperial Eunuch.
馬三保在王府期間和王太子成為了好朋友，王子后來(lái)成為明成祖永樂(lè)皇帝，是明代最出色的皇帝之一。馬三保英勇、強(qiáng)壯、足智多謀，又赤膽忠心，因此深得王太子的信賴。王太子登基之后，賜給馬三保“鄭和”這個(gè)新的名字，同時(shí)提升他為內(nèi)宮監(jiān)太監(jiān)。
Yong Le was an ambitious emperor who believed that China's greatness would be increased with an "open-door" policy regarding international trade and diplomacy. In 1405, he ordered Chinese ships to sail to the 1ndian Ocean, and put Zheng He in charge of the voyage. Zheng went on to lead seven expeditions in 28 years, visiting more than 40 countries.
永樂(lè)皇帝是個(gè)雄心勃勃的皇帝，他相信通過(guò)國(guó)際貿(mào)易及外交上的“門戶開(kāi)放”政策，中國(guó)會(huì)在世界上享有更高的聲望。公元1405年，永樂(lè)皇帝下詔讓中國(guó)船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航到印度洋，并派遣鄭和負(fù)責(zé)此趟航程。在以后的28年里，鄭和連續(xù)7次率領(lǐng)了海上遠(yuǎn)征探險(xiǎn)的壯舉，訪問(wèn)了40多個(gè)國(guó)家。
The voyages helped expand foreign interest in Chinese goods such as silk and porcelain. In addition, Zheng He brought exotic foreign items back to China, including the first giraffe ever seen there. At the same time, the fleet's obvious strength meant that the Emperor of China commanded respect and inspired fear all over Asia.
這幾次遠(yuǎn)航剌激了外國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)貨物如絲綢、瓷器等的興趣。此外，鄭和也將外國(guó)的珍奇寶物帶回中國(guó)，包括以前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的麒麟(長(zhǎng)頸鹿)。同時(shí)，鄭和船隊(duì)顯而易見(jiàn)的強(qiáng)大陣容，意味著中國(guó)皇帝獲得了亞洲各國(guó)的敬畏。
Though Zheng He died in 1433 and was probably buried at sea, a grave and small monument to him still exist in Jiangsu Province. Three years after Zheng He's death, a new emperor banned the construction of oceangoing ships, and China's brief era of naval expansion was over.
鄭和于公元1433年去世，并且可能葬身于汪洋大海之中，但江蘇省現(xiàn)在仍有他的墳?zāi)购鸵蛔⌒图o(jì)念碑。鄭和死后3年，新登基的皇帝下詔禁止遠(yuǎn)洋船舶的建造，中國(guó)這短暫的海軍擴(kuò)張時(shí)代也就到此結(jié)束了。
