Quora：語言學(xué)學(xué)士教你背單詞

“少壯不努力，老大背單詞”。詞匯量不僅困擾中國人，也讓外國學(xué)渣束手無策。有人在quora上發(fā)帖求背單詞速成方法，2位語言學(xué)學(xué)士給出了精彩回答。

 

來自 Joonas Vakkilainen 的回答（芬蘭語學(xué)士）：

My method is "write and pronounce". Writing words on paper leaves a visual memory trail of the words. If you just look words, you may forget them quickly, but writing them makes you concentrate on them more efficiently. Reading words aloud gives you a phonetic memory trail. It creates an echoing sound in my head and that sound I can recall later. When you know words enough, you will understand the principles of word formation in that language. This helps you guess meanings of unfamiliar words, when you read, and create word families in your memory.我的方法是“寫+念”。把單詞寫在紙上能加深這個(gè)詞的視覺記憶。如果只是看看單詞，你可能很快就把它們忘了，但書寫能讓你更專注。大聲朗讀單詞能加深單詞的聽覺記憶。這樣做在大腦里創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)之后也能再次想起的回聲。當(dāng)你的詞匯量足夠大時(shí)，你會懂的該語言的構(gòu)詞法。在讀到不熟悉的單詞時(shí)，它能幫你猜出詞義，還能讓你記住這一系列單詞。

 

來自 Dan Lenski 的回答：

Every day, I'd try to write down 10-50 words or phrases in French which I didn't understand, or words or phrases in English which I didn't know how to render in French. I'd go home and spend an hour or more looking them up in the dictionary.每天寫10到50個(gè)法語新單詞或詞組，或是我不知道如何用法語翻譯的地道的英語單詞詞組。回家后花1個(gè)多小時(shí)在字典里查找這些單詞。I'd read newspapers, comic books, textbooks, advertisements, and novels.讀新聞、漫畫、課本、廣告和小說。I'd talk to teachers, fellow students, strangers at the bus stop, store clerks, etc.和老師、同學(xué)、車站遇到的陌生人和店員等聊天。By the way, I rarely watched TV, listened to the radio, watched movies, or listened to music in French... though this might just be a personal thing. I often have great difficulty understanding my native language, English, in recorded form. I still find recorded audio extremely difficult to understand in French, despite the fact that I can carry on largely fluent in-person conversations with native speakers.對了，我很少看法語電影電視，聽法語之聲或歌曲，當(dāng)然這可能只是我自己的問題。雖然英語是我的母語，我還是經(jīng)常覺得要聽懂英語錄音挺難的。。我基本上能夠很流利的和母語為法語的人對話，但還是覺得法語錄音很難懂。

 

（翻譯：二號線沙丁魚）

(來源:滬江)