3-1 過去式
過去式是指過去所發(fā)生的事。舉例來說,假如我昨天去看了一場電影,我就可以說:
I went to see a movie yesterday.
以下全部是正確的句子:
I saw your father last night.
I met your son last month.
I ate three apples this morning.
He went to church to pray last night.
可是,我們必須非常小心,因為一不小心,我們就可能犯了大錯,我們?nèi)绻蚯閭H表示愛情,當然說: I love you.
如果我們說: I loved you. 事情就可能鬧大了,因為這表示我過去曾經(jīng)愛過你,可是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不愛了。〝I? loved? you〞等于是〝I? loved? you before.? But? I? do? not? love? you? now.〞 假如我們看過一個小男孩然后我們說:He was a good boy. 那就是說他現(xiàn)在已不是一個好男孩了,變成了一個不乖的孩子,或者他已經(jīng)死了。
英文里的過去式常常是偵探用來破案的線索。
有一次,有一個母親,向警察報案,說她的女兒失蹤了,她在記者面前,聲淚俱下地說: She was such a nice girl. 警察馬上覺得這位母親有問題,因為她不該用過去式的,用了過去式,表示女兒已經(jīng)死了,可是母親不是說她失蹤了嗎?為什么她用過去式,極有可能因為她知道她女兒已經(jīng)死了,才脫口而出,用了過去式。警察因此懷疑母親本人就是兇手,事實也果真如此:這位母親打自己的女兒,出手太重,將女兒打死了,謊報女兒失蹤,她用了過去式,使警察知道她有問題。整個案子的偵破,就在于過去式。
我們因此不能輕易用過去式,但我們也千萬要注意,該用過去式的時候,一定要用過去式,以下句子都是錯的:
*I go to school yesterday.
*I see a movie last night.
*My mother comes to see me last month.
*I eat three apples this morning.
*He is happy yesterday.
以上句子的正確寫法是:
I went to school yesterday.
I saw a movie last night.
My mother came to see me last month.
I ate three apples this morning.
He was happy yesterday.