1 .英語(yǔ)句子,特別是在口語(yǔ)中,常會(huì)有詞被省略,這樣的句子稱(chēng)為省略句,被省略的部分可以是:
l )主語(yǔ):
( I ) Beg your pardon .請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍。
(It ) Doesn t matter .沒(méi)關(guān)系。
( Do you ) Want some ? (你)要一點(diǎn)嗎?
2 )謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分:
( Is there ) Anything you want ?你要什么東西嗎?
( Does ) anybody need help ?有人需要幫忙嗎?
( Are ) you hungry ?你餓嗎?
3 )賓語(yǔ):
Where is George ?—— I don't know .
喬治在哪里?—— 我不知道。
She knows who did it , but she won t tell.
她知道是誰(shuí)干的,但她不說(shuō)。
4 )主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)(或謂語(yǔ)的一部分):
( I'm ) Sorry .對(duì)不起。
( Come ) This way , please .請(qǐng)這邊來(lái)。
( Are y ou ) T ired ?累了嗎?
( Are you ) looking for me ?找我?
5 )不定式、冠詞或其他東西:
He didn t come , though we had invited him to ( come ) .
他沒(méi)來(lái),雖然我們邀請(qǐng)了他。
( The ) Fact is we don't know it ourselves .事實(shí)是我們自己也不知道
Shall we be late ?—— I hope ( we shall ) not ( be late ) .
我們會(huì)不會(huì)遲到?― 我希望不會(huì)。
2 .有些句子只含有句子的一部分(如只有謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分),卻很難說(shuō)有什么詞省略。這類(lèi)句子可以稱(chēng)單部句(one member Sentences ) ,如:
Thanks a lot .非常感謝。
What of it ?哪又有什么關(guān)系。
Away with you !滾開(kāi)!
Hands up !舉起手來(lái)
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練習(xí)及答案:
練習(xí)一:補(bǔ)出下列英語(yǔ)省略句中省略的詞:
1 . Haven't seen you for ages!
1 . ( I ) Haven't seen you for ages!
2 . Had a good time?
2. ( Have you ) Had a good time?
3 . Looks like rain .
3 . ( It ) Looks like rain.
4 . Got to go now .
4 . ( I've ) Got to go now
5 . Anything I can do for you?
5 . ( Is there ) Anything I can do for you?
6 . What a pity you can't go with us!
6 . What a pity ( it is ) you can't go with us!
7 . Sorry , wrong number.
7 . ( I'm ) Sorry , wrong number.
8 . Got a pen?
8 . ( Have you ) Got a pen?
9 . Did you like the film ?—— Oh , very much .
9 . Did you like the film ?—— Oh , (I like it) very much .
10 . Trouble is we don't have enough tools .
10 . (The) Trouble is we don't have enough tools .
練習(xí)二:將下面的省略句翻譯成中文
1 . No smoking ( parking / spitting ) .
1 . 禁止吸煙(停車(chē)/ 吐痰)
2 . No entry .
2 .不得入內(nèi)。
3 . Off with the lid .
3 .把蓋子揭開(kāi)。
4 . Out with it.
4 .說(shuō)出來(lái)。
5 . Down with Fascism !
5 .打倒法西斯主義!
6 . On with your clothes.
6 .把衣服穿上。
7 . Off with your shirt .
7 .把襯衫脫下。
8 . Off to bed with you .
8 .去睡覺(jué)去!
9 . Down on your knees !
9 .跪下!
10 . No bicycle against the wall !
10 .不得靠墻放自行車(chē)。
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