CNN News:美國天氣災(zāi)害

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Is this legit? The U.S. has more tornadoes than any other country.

這樣正常么?美國每年所遭遇的龍卷風(fēng)比任何國家都要多。

Totally true. Tornadoes can form almost anywhere, but the U.S. gets most of any nation.

絕對正確，龍卷風(fēng)幾乎在哪都能形成，但是美國是形成最多的國家。

AZUZ: It`s not just tornadoes, the National Severe Storms Laboratory says thunderstorms in general are most common in America. And look at these stats from the National Weather Service: the U.S. gets about 100,000 thunderstorms a year, 10,000 are severe storms. We get floods, hurricanes making landfall. It`s part of the reason why some folks want to climate prove more parts of the U.S. That`s something that`s been tried by some cities around the world with both the wanted success and some unwanted side effects. It usually involves some major engineering work, and with that, comes major fees.

不光光是龍卷風(fēng)，國家強(qiáng)勁風(fēng)暴實(shí)驗(yàn)室指出，通常暴風(fēng)雨在美國來說是非常普遍的自然現(xiàn)象，通過國家天氣服務(wù)中心的雷達(dá)顯示，美國一年大概可以形成100,000次雷雨天氣，其中10,000次是強(qiáng)暴雨天氣。洪水，颶風(fēng)屢屢登陸美國國土。這也是人們?yōu)槭裁聪胍鞖忸A(yù)報(bào)更加局部化的原因。在全世界的一些城市里曾經(jīng)試運(yùn)行過這樣的天氣預(yù)報(bào)，有的希望是成功的，有的不希望帶來負(fù)面影響。這包括一些重要的工程量和主要資金。

CHAD MYERS, AMS METEOROLOGIST: You have to understand where we are in the world, how our weather is so different here in America. First of all, we have the Rocky Mountains to the west, we have a Gulf of Mexico, very warm water here. And the cold air that plunges to the east of the Rocky Mountains, and that`s where a tornado threat comes from: moisture here, dry air here, cold air here, and that is tornado alley. Something else we have, a very large Atlantic Ocean allowing those big storms, those hurricanes to come in at full throttle, full speed because the water is still very warm there. So where do we go from here? How do we get ready? I guess, how do we get climate ready? If it gets warmer and the water does go up, if the ice melts, and the water in the ocean gets another foot higher, how do we protect ourselves? Well, the first place that`s protected itself now, obviously, New Orleans. They built all of these barriers, did a very good job this year at protecting New Orleans.

你必須明白的是我們處于世界上的哪一地理位置，為什么我們美國的天氣與其他國家大相徑庭。首先第一點(diǎn)，落基山脈綿延在美國西海岸，同時(shí)位于墨西哥海灣沿岸，暖流經(jīng)過。而寒流則被擋在了落基山脈的東面，這就是龍卷風(fēng)形成的基地。水分，干燥的空氣，寒冷的氣流都聚集到此，這就是形成龍卷風(fēng)的山谷。另外，浩瀚的大西洋也促使了這些暴風(fēng)雨的形成。在最快的速度上形成了颶風(fēng)是因?yàn)樗魇冀K保持溫暖的溫度。那我們將要去哪呢?我們將做什么準(zhǔn)備呢?我想，現(xiàn)在我們應(yīng)該怎樣預(yù)防氣候變化吧?如果氣溫持續(xù)上升，水位也持續(xù)上漲，如果冰雪融化了，海洋里的水再漲出一英寸高，我們應(yīng)該怎樣保護(hù)我們自己呢?顯然，我們現(xiàn)在要做的應(yīng)該是保護(hù)這里，新奧爾良。他們建立的所有這些障礙，確實(shí)在這一年里發(fā)揮了保護(hù)新奧爾良的作用。

Now, those barriers did something else - they blocked the water from going into New Orleans, but they also really increased the amount of water that went into Plaquemines Parish. So you have to watch what you do, because you just can`t put a barrier around the entire world and hope that you stop all the water. I take you over her at Rotterdam, where they stop the water from coming down the river with these huge, just big gates right there. They will close, if there`s surge coming down from the North. And this is what will be. Right here. Those two gates right there will swing together and stop the water from coming in. Huge projects. I mean significantly big projects, when it comes to how much money this could possibly all cost.

現(xiàn)在，這些堡壘還發(fā)揮著其他的作用，阻止著洪水進(jìn)入新奧爾良。但是，阻擋洪水進(jìn)入的同時(shí)卻也增加了普拉克明的存水量。所以你要看清楚你現(xiàn)在所做的這些，因?yàn)槟悴豢赡軐θ澜缃ㄆ鹨粋€(gè)堡壘阻止洪水的流入。我?guī)闳タ纯绰固氐ご髩?，看他們是怎樣讓河水順利通過的，就像是在那建了一個(gè)門。當(dāng)巨浪從北部急流過來時(shí)大壩就關(guān)閉，這也是他的作用。這兩個(gè)大門佇立在那里，共同阻擋著洪水的到來，給整個(gè)城市都起到了非常巨大的保護(hù)作用。我的意思是，當(dāng)這一切都起到了應(yīng)有的作用時(shí)，話費(fèi)再多的資金也是有效的。