<一> 例句
An iron and steel workds, with several venhicle factories, is being built in that city.
在這個城市正在修建一座鋼鐵廠和幾家車輛公司。
<二> 語法分析
這個句子里的主語是單數(shù),雖然后面跟有with引導的短語,但因為這種短語多為修飾語,所以謂語仍用單數(shù)形式,也就是句子的主語和謂語動詞一致。主謂一致是謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)的方面和主語保持一致。主謂一致在人稱方面比較簡單,因而復雜的是二者在數(shù)的方面的一致關系。
<三> 觸類旁通
(1)The suggestion put forward by the scientists has been accepted.
科學家們提的提議被接受了。
語法分析:主語和謂語的一致,要不受修飾語的影響。
(2)Training drivers is not an easy task.
訓練司機不是一件容易的工作。
語法分析:由一個抽象概念作句子的主語,一般要用單數(shù)謂語。
(3)To try and fail is better than not to try at all.
嘗試而失敗要比根本不去嘗試好。
語法分析:當主語是and連接的兩個名詞時,在指一樣東西時用單數(shù)謂語,若指兩樣東西則用復數(shù)謂語。
(4)Somebody wants to see you.
有人要見你。
語法分析:由each, some, any, no以及every等構成的代詞作主語時,謂語要用單數(shù)形式。
(5)The committee is to deal with the matter.
委員會將處理這件事情。
語法分析:有些集體名詞可以跟單數(shù)謂語,也可以跟復數(shù)謂語,作整體講跟單數(shù)謂語,著重于包含的復數(shù)復數(shù)成員時,可以跟復數(shù)謂語。
<四> 鞏固練習
1. Mumps [be] fairly rare in adults.
2. Mathematics [be] a subject studied nearly in every school.
3. The species of rose [be] very rare.
4. A high proportion of Americans [go] to college.
5. Most bacteria [grow] best in slightly acid medium.
6. So all [be] well.
參考答案:
1. are(is) 2. is 3. is 4. go 5. grow 6. is