為什么在跑步機(jī)上鍛煉更累人

The Drudgery of Treadmills

為什么在跑步機(jī)上鍛煉更累人

Question: Why do I find it more difficult and tiring when I take my walk on a treadmill?

問：為什么我發(fā)現(xiàn)在跑步機(jī)上走會覺得更吃力、更累?

Answer: Many people, including me, find a treadmill workout more draining than the same activity on a sidewalk or track. In a 2012 experiment, runners were asked to jog on a track while rating how difficult the exercise felt. Then they hopped on treadmills without speed displays and were told to set the machine to a pace that felt the same as what they had just run. Almost all chose a speed that was much slower. On the treadmill, this gentle pace felt as difficult as swifter running on the track.

答：很多人，包括我自己，發(fā)現(xiàn)在跑步機(jī)上比在人行道或跑道上進(jìn)行同樣的鍛煉更累。在2012年的一項實(shí)驗中，研究者要求跑步者在跑道上慢跑，同時評估這項鍛煉的難度感受。然后他們跳到?jīng)]有速度顯示器的跑步機(jī)上，把速度設(shè)定為剛才慢跑時感覺的速度。幾乎所有人選擇的速度都慢得多。在跑步機(jī)上以較慢速度跑步與在跑道上以較快速度跑步的難度感覺是一樣的。

But scientists are unsure why treadmill exercise feels harder. Most people’s biomechanics are the same, whether they are on a treadmill or the ground, studies show. And where there are differences, the advantage would seem to reside with the machine. Treadmill jogging is less jarring than running on the ground, for instance. A 2014 study shows that we strike the ground with about 200 percent of our body weight while running on the track and only 175 percent of our body weight when we are on a treadmill.

但是科學(xué)家們不確定為什么在跑步機(jī)鍛煉感覺更吃力。多項研究表明，不管在跑步機(jī)上還是在地面上，大多數(shù)人的生物力學(xué)是一樣的。如果說有區(qū)別的話，跑步機(jī)似乎更有優(yōu)勢。比如，在跑步機(jī)上慢跑比在地面上的震動更小。2014年的一項研究表明，我們在跑道上跑步時，撞擊地面的力量相當(dāng)于體重的約200%，而在跑步機(jī)上，撞擊力量只有體重的175%。

So the most likely explanation for any drudgery associated with treadmill exercise is psychological. Treadmills are indoor machines, and many studies show that people generally prefer outdoor workouts. In various experiments, people have reported experiencing less fatigue, more vitality and greater pleasure after walking outside compared with on an indoor treadmill.

所以用跑步機(jī)鍛煉更累人的原因很可能是心理方面的。跑步機(jī)是室內(nèi)機(jī)器，而很多研究表明，人們總體來說更喜歡戶外鍛煉。人們在不同的實(shí)驗中報告稱，與在室內(nèi)跑步機(jī)上鍛煉后相比，在戶外散步后感覺不那么累，更有活力，更愉悅。

Also, treadmills typically provide a walk to nowhere, which may be demoralizing. In a study published last year, volunteers who set out to walk a course that had no clear finish line felt more fatigued afterward than when they covered the same distance with an obvious finish line ahead on which to focus.

另外，跑步機(jī)通常沒有目的地，這可能令人氣餒。在去年發(fā)表的一項研究中，志愿者們走過兩段同樣長度的路程，一個沒有明確的終點(diǎn)線，另一個有明確的終點(diǎn)線。完成之后，志愿者們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果沒有一個明確的終點(diǎn)線可以關(guān)注，感覺會更累人。