新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)逐句精講語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 第31課(1)

31課 Success story

Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was tellingme about his experiences as a young man.Before he retired, Frank was the head of a verylarge business company, but as a boy he usedtowork in a small shop. It was his job to repairbicycles and at that time he used to workfourteen hours a day. He saved money for yearsand in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts foraeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a fewyears the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred andtwenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long roadto success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him torepair their grandson's bicycle!

語(yǔ)法歸納：形式主語(yǔ)

一句話總結(jié)：在英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中，為了避免頭重腳輕、保持句子的整體平衡。我們常用形式主語(yǔ)it來(lái)代替真正的主語(yǔ)。例：

1) To recite the important passage is necessary for English learns.

背誦重要的篇章對(duì)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)是必要的。

to recite the important passage,似乎在句子中所占比重太大，使句子頭重腳輕，因此改為：

It is necessary for English learners to recite the important passage.

2) To talk with you is very funny.和你談讀很有意思

to talk with you是主語(yǔ),但在句子中所占比重太大，使句子頭重腳輕，因此改為：

It is very funny to talk with you.

3) It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. (Lesson 54)

說(shuō)服她過(guò)一會(huì)兒再給我打過(guò)來(lái)花了我十分鐘。

精講筆記：

1. Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a youngman.

昨天下午，弗蘭克•霍金斯向我講述了他年輕時(shí)的經(jīng)歷。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) tell sb. about / of one’s experiences / story 向……講述某人的經(jīng)歷：

Tom told me of his unforgettable experiences in U.S.A.

湯姆向我講述了他在美國(guó)的一些讓人難忘的經(jīng)歷。

2. Before he retired，F(xiàn)rank was the head of a very large business company, but as aboy he used to work in a small shop.

在退休前，弗蘭克是一個(gè)非常大的商業(yè)公司的經(jīng)理。但在他小時(shí)候，他曾在一個(gè)小鋪里做工。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句中before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，but連接并列句。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 關(guān)于“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)袖”的詞匯：

head / leader 領(lǐng)袖

headmaster 中小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)

principal首長(zhǎng);中小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)

director主任，主管，董事;導(dǎo)演

superior 上級(jí)，上司

CEO: Chief Executive Officer 首席執(zhí)行官

CFO: Chief Financial Officer 首席財(cái)務(wù)官

COO: Chief Operating Officer 首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官

CIO: Chief Information Officer 首席信息官

CTO: Chief Technology Officer 首席技術(shù)官

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3 used to do sth.過(guò)去常常做某事(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了)：

I used to go to school by bicycle.過(guò)去我經(jīng)常騎自行車上學(xué)。

She used to eat a lot as a young girl.她小時(shí)候經(jīng)常吃很多。

3. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours aday.

他那時(shí)的工作是修自行車，并且常常每天工作14個(gè)小時(shí)。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 it作形式主語(yǔ)，而動(dòng)詞不定式to repair bicycles才是真正的主語(yǔ)。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 repair bicycle = mend bicycle = fix bicycle = service bicycle 修理自修車