高中英語(yǔ)必修模塊3課本01

[00:00.00]unit 7 [00:01.00]25 The Spirit of Explorers [00:02.00]Viking voyages to america [00:03.00]The Vikings were the first Europeans who reached America. [00:04.00]They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail. [00:05.00]The Vikings were a group of people who originated from Scandinavia. [00:06.00]They dominated the seas and coasts of Northern Europe [00:07.00]between the 8th and 10th centuries AD. [00:08.00]By around 900AD,there were mnay places in Northern Europe [00:09.00]where the Viking chose to live. [00:10.00]In 982AD,when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west, [00:11.00]there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living Iceland. [00:12.00]According to the legends of Iceland and Norway, [00:13.00]Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, [00:14.00]for which he got into trouble. [00:15.00]Eric reached Greenland [00:16.00]and discovered that the place where he landed could be colonised. [00:17.00]He returned to Iceland and told people there about Greenland. [00:18.00]He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland. [00:19.00]Eric set sail once again,this time with 25 ships, [00:20.00]of which only 14 made it to Greenland. [00:21.00]Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland, [00:22.00]a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric's party. [00:23.00]Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric, [00:24.00]but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land, [00:25.00]from where he eventually reached Greenland. [00:26.00]In the year 1002,when Eric the Red's son Leif was planning a trip further west, [00:27.00]Biarni was the man with whom Leif discussed his plans. [00:28.00]Leif followed Biarni's directions [00:29.00]and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada. [00:30.00]He then sailed further south to an island which he named Vinland [00:31.00]but is now known as Newfoundland. [00:32.00]We know about Eric the Red and Leif's deeds [00:33.00]through legends which were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland. [00:34.00]They are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to America.

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