外研社新標準高中英語第三冊 Model4-5

[00:01.00]Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia

[00:11.40]Reading and Vocabulary

[00:13.71]Sandstorms in Asia

[00:16.35]Sandstorms have been a major disaster

[00:20.27]for many Asian countries for centuries.

[00:22.61]Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem

[00:26.86]and in China,

[00:28.18]a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.

[00:31.94]Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand.

[00:37.41]They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun,

[00:41.40]and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.

[00:46.22]The four main places in the world

[00:49.70]where there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America,

[00:53.66]Central Africa and Australia.

[00:57.29]Ren Jianbo,from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm

[01:03.51]he experienced as a child in the desert.

[01:06.23]"To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience,"

[01:11.89]he said. "There was nothing to be done.

[01:14.98]It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation

[01:19.43]I've ever been in.

[01:21.02]You just had to hope you'd survive.

[01:23.62]I thought I was going to disappear under the sand."

[01:27.45]Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia.

[01:34.09]Sandstorms begin in desert areas.

[01:37.74]Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years

[01:42.75]as a result of "desertification".

[01:44.81]This is a process that happens when land becomes desert

[01:49.38]because of climate changes

[01:51.63]and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.

[01:55.70]Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing.

[01:59.33]Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong wind

[02:03.59]that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust.

[02:07.28]The storms sometimes continue all day

[02:10.85]and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

[02:16.52]The Chinese Central Weather Station

[02:19.54]can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing,

[02:23.71]but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.

[02:27.67]When a sandstorm arrives in the city,

[02:31.13]weather experts advise people not to go out.

[02:34.20]Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says,

[02:38.11]"To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.

[02:41.56]The winds are very strong.

[02:43.63]It's difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.

[02:47.75]So if you want to go out, you'd better wear a mask."

[02:52.00]The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing.

[02:57.59]To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.

[03:02.20]Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees

[03:06.78]and plans to continue planting for the next five years.

[03:10.93]Listening and Vocabulary

[03:16.76]Activity 2 Listen to environental expert's speech.

[03:22.34]Put the topic below in the order you hear.

[06:30.96]Activity 3 Check the meaning of the words.

[09:51.75]Activity 4 Listen again.Complete the sentenses.

[13:06.05]Pronunciation and Function

[13:11.81]Activity 1

[13:14.07]Listen and underline the words the speaker stresses.

[13:18.20]I couldn't agree with you more.

[13:22.02]I think you're absolutely right.

[13:27.29]It's extremely serious.

[13:32.44]Activity 2

[13:39.29]Decide which words the speaker will stress.

[13:43.18]Now listen and check.

[13:47.56]Try to stress the key words and use the correct intonation.

[13:53.04]I have no idea.

[13:55.88]It couldn't be worse.

[14:00.77]It's absolutely hopeless.

[14:05.57]Cultural Corner

[14:12.00]Read the passage and answer these questions.

[14:15.21]1. How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment?

[14:21.69]2. Are there organisations in China

[14:27.14]whose aim is to protect the environment?

[14:30.01]3.What do you know about these organisations?

[14:35.81]The Green Movement

[14:39.04]Some countries are better than others at looking after the environment.

[14:44.45]In Europe, Germany and the northern European countries

[14:49.18]work very hard to improve the environment.

[14:52.63]People in countries such as Germany

[14:56.02]put their garbage into different bags-paper in one bag,

[15:00.55]plastic in another bag, etc.

[15:03.01]The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.

[15:09.46]CFCs (chlorofluro-carbons ),

[15:13.64]chemicals which are found in refrigerators and aerosol cans,

[15:17.32]are not allowed.

[15:19.20]There are laws that do not allow people to bum too much coal.

[15:23.65]In the 1970s, as people learnt more about environmental problems,

[15:30.17]the "Green" movement began and soon spread all over Europe.

[15:35.38]The "Green" movement tries to get governments to think seriously

[15:40.86]about the environment and how to look after it.

[15:44.33]It collects information about how industry is damaging the environment

[15:50.38]and gives this information to newspapers.

[15:53.99]Module 4 Word List

[16:02.64]sandstorm n.沙塵暴

[16:05.84]frightening adj.嚇人的;可怕的

[16:08.00]inland adj.內地的;內陸的

[16:11.17]mass adj.大量的;大規(guī)模的

[16:14.31]campaign n.戰(zhàn)役;活動

[16:17.29]dune n.沙丘

[16:20.46]desertification n.(土地的) 沙漠化

[16:25.12]process n. 進程;過程

[16:29.18]citizen n.公民;市民

[16:32.81]dust n.沙塵;灰塵

[16:37.11]forecast vt.預報;預告

[16:41.58]strength n.力量; 力氣

[16:44.77]cycle vi.騎自行車

[16:48.47]mask n.面罩

[16:52.75]atmosphere n.大氣;大氣層

[16:56.41]carbon n. 碳

[16:59.59]dioxide n.二氧化物

[17:03.58]chemical n.化學藥品

[17:07.17]environment n.環(huán)境

[17:12.10]garbage n.廢料; 垃圾

[17:15.64]melt vi. 融化

[17:18.75]pollution n. 污染·

[17:22.81]recycle v. 重新利用;再循環(huán)

[17:28.06]coastal adj. 沿海的

[17:31.28]concerned adj.關心的;擔心的

[17:35.99]evidence n.根據(jù); 證明

[17:39.99]major adj.主要的;多數(shù)鈉

[17:44.70]urgent adj.緊急的

[17:48.43]pollute vt.污染

[17:52.47]complain vi.抱怨; 發(fā)牢

[17:56.65]nutshell n.堅果殼，簡單的一句話

[18:01.01]scary adj.恐怖的;嚇人的

[18:04.98]absolutely adv.絕對地，完全地

[18:08.40]protection n.保護

[18:12.60]Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China

[18:23.43]Reading and Vocabulary

[18:25.87]Philosophers of Ancient China

[18:28.39]Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.

[18:35.04]But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.

[18:40.18]Confucius (551BC - 479BC) is the philosopher

[18:48.34]whose influence has been the greatest.

[18:50.68]He stressed the importance of kindness,duty and order in society.

[18:58.04]Chinese society was influenced by these ideas

[19:02.93]for more than 2,000 years.

[19:05.76]Mencius was a thinker whose teachings

[19:10.40]were very similar to those of Confucius.

[19:13.18]Mencius was born in 372 BC.

[19:18.60]His father died when he was young,

[19:21.95]and he was brought up by his mother.

[19:24.61]He became a student of Confucius's ideas,

[19:29.60]and was then given an important position in the government of a state.

[19:35.08]However,

[19:37.15]when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice,

[19:41.47]he resigned.

[19:42.91]For many years he travelled from state to state,

[19:47.95]teaching the principles of Confucius.

[19:51.11]He then became an adviser to another ruler.

[19:55.93]He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings

[20:01.24]called The Book of Mencius.

[20:03.75]Mencius believed that the reason

[20:07.53]why man is different from animals is that man is good.

[20:12.64]He taught that if the government was kind,

[20:17.04]then people would be good.

[20:19.46]He believed that people were more important than rulers,

[20:25.13]and hated the state when it treated people badly.

[20:29.11]Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.

[20:35.49]Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor.

[20:42.22]He became famous for his unusual clothes and behaviour.

[20:47.31]Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism.

[20:52.70]In some ways,his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius.

[20:57.70]For example, he considered that government was most important.

[21:03.08]As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state

[21:08.72]where people would follow his teachings.

[21:11.34]Mozi believed that all men were equal.

[21:15.86]His ideal of love was different from the Confucian idea of kindness.

[21:21.96]Mozi taught that we should love all human beings

[21:27.22]and look after those who are weaker than ourselves.

[21:30.62]He hated the idea of war. Mozi died in 390 BC.

[21:38.25]Pronounciation

[21:43.22]Listen to these pharses.

[21:45.33]Decide which sound links the words that are joined:

[21:49.45]/w/ as in we or /j/ as in you.

[21:55.61]1.Let's go out.

[21:59.75]2.Who are they?

[22:05.01]3. It was the end of the story.

[22:11.71]4.I'll buy it tomorrow.

[22:18.01]5.Please go in.

[22:23.62]6.I don't know who anybody is.

[22:29.76]7.We agreed to do it.

[22:36.38]8.My aunt is late.

[22:42.18]Now listen again and repeat the sentenses.

[22:48.59]1.Let's go out.

[22:52.33]2.Who are they?

[22:58.22]3. It was the end of the story.

[23:04.44]4.I'll buy it tomorrow.

[23:10.47]5.Please go in.

[23:16.47]6.I don't know who anybody is.

[23:22.32]7.We agreed to do it.

[23:29.25]8.My aunt is late.

[23:35.61]Listening and Vocabulary

[23:42.41]Activity 1

[23:43.79]Work in pairs.

[23:51.13]You will hear a passage about important Chinese inventions.

[23:51.34]Decide which words you think you'll hear.

[23:54.38]Now listen and check.

[26:46.90]Activity 2

[26:52.27]Listen to the passage in which five important inventions

[26:56.54]are described.Match the dates with the inventions.

[27:01.01]Now listen and check your answers