大學(xué)英語自學(xué)教程 unit 17
- Unit 17 text A
- Unit 17 text B
[00:00.00]Unit 17 text A
[00:04.70]Panic and Its Effects
[00:07.22]恐慌癥及其影響
[00:09.74]One afternoon while she was preparing dinner in her kitchen,
[00:13.22]一天下午，32歲的美國(guó)家庭主婦安妮’彼得斯
[00:16.69]Anne Peters,a 32-year-old American housewife,
[00:19.87]正在廚房做晚飯。
[00:23.04]suddenly had severe pains in her chest accompanied by shortness of breath
[00:27.36]突然，她感到一陣劇烈的胸痛，并伴有呼吸困難。
[00:31.69]Frightened by the thought that she was having a heart attack
[00:34.77]安妮以為自己得了心臟病，
[00:37.85]Anne screamed for help.
[00:40.42]她驚恐萬分，尖叫求助。
[00:43.00]Her husband immediately rushed Anne to a nearby hospital
[00:46.47]她丈夫馬上把她送到附近的一家醫(yī)院。
[00:49.95]where her pains were diagnosed as having been caused by panic,
[00:53.42]在那兒她的疼痛被診斷為是由驚慌引起的，
[00:56.89]and not a heart attack.
[00:59.12]而不是心臟病發(fā)作。
[01:01.34]More and more Americans nowadays are having panic attacks
[01:05.16]現(xiàn)在越來越多的美國(guó)人得過和安妮
[01:08.99]like the one experienced by Anne Peters.
[01:11.31]一樣的恐慌癥發(fā)作。
[01:13.64]Benjamin Crocker,a psychologist at the University of Southern California
[01:17.57]南加利福尼亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家本杰明’克羅克指明說，
[01:21.50]reveal that as many as ten million adult Americans have already experienced
[01:26.58]多達(dá)1000萬的美國(guó)成年人一生中得過恐慌癥
[01:31.66]or will experience at least one panic attack in their lifetime.
[01:35.90]或至少將得一次。
[01:40.13]Moreover, studles conducted by the National Institute
[01:43.31]此外，美國(guó)國(guó)家心理健康研究所進(jìn)行的研究揭示，
[01:46.50]of Mental Healthin the United States disclose that approximately 1.2 million
[01:50.18]大約有120萬美國(guó)人最近有過嚴(yán)重的、
[01:53.87]adult individualsare currently suffering from severe and recurrent panic attacks.
[01:58.79]復(fù)發(fā)性的恐慌癥發(fā)作。
[02:03.72]These attacks may last for only a few minutes;
[02:06.80]這些恐慌發(fā)作可能只持續(xù)幾分鐘，
[02:09.88]some,however,continue for several hours.
[02:12.91]但有一些則長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)小時(shí)。
[02:15.94]The symptoms of panic attacks bear such remarkable similarity
[02:19.73]恐慌癥發(fā)作的癥狀與心臟病發(fā)作的癥狀非常相似，
[02:23.52]to those of heart attacks that many victims believe
[02:26.69]以致很多患者都以為
[02:29.86]that they are indeed having a heart attack.
[02:32.66]他們真的是心臟病發(fā)作。
[02:35.45]Panic attack victims show the following symptoms:
[02:38.84]恐慌癥患者有如下癥狀：
[02:42.22]they often become easily frightened
[02:45.15]在大多數(shù)人通常不害怕的
[02:48.07]or feel uneasy in situations where people normally would not be afraid;
[02:52.54]情況下他們很容易感到恐懼感，不舒服；
[02:57.01]they suffer shortness of breath,experience chest pains,a quick heartbeat,
[03:02.30]他們呼吸急促，胸口疼痛，心動(dòng)過速，突然發(fā)抖，
[03:07.59]sudden fits of trembling,a feeling that personsand things around them are not real;
[03:13.06]并感覺到周圍的事物虛幻不真實(shí)；
[03:18.53]and most of all,a fear of dying or going crazy.
[03:22.36]最主要的，他們有死亡或發(fā)瘋的恐懼感。
[03:26.18]A person seized by a panic attack may show allor as few as four of these symptoms.
[03:31.50]恐慌癥發(fā)作時(shí)病人可能表現(xiàn)出上述全部或其中四種癥狀。
[03:36.82]There has been a lot of explanations as to the causes of panic attacks.
[03:40.70]關(guān)于恐慌癥發(fā)作的原因，現(xiàn)已有多種解釋。
[03:44.57]Many claim that psychological stress could be a logical cause,
[03:48.61]很多人宣稱心理壓力可能是合乎邏輯的病因，
[03:52.65]but as yet, no evidence has been found to support this theory.
[03:56.58]但到目前為止，還沒有找到證據(jù)支持這種理論。
[04:00.51]However,studies show that more women than men experience panic attacks
[04:04.98]然而，研究表明，得過恐慌癥發(fā)作的女人比男人多
[04:09.44]and people who drink a lot as well as those who use drugsare more likely to suffer attacks.
[04:14.42]酗酒都和吸毒者更容易得恐慌癥。
[04:19.40]It is reported that there are at least three signs
[04:23.08]據(jù)報(bào)道，至少有三個(gè)跡象可以表明
[04:26.76]that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attackrather than a heart attack.
[04:30.30]一個(gè)人得的是恐慌癥而不是心臟病發(fā)作。
[04:33.84]The first is age.
[04:36.17]首先是年齡
[04:38.49]People between the ages of 20 and 30 are more often victims of panic attacks
[04:43.31]年齡在20歲到30歲之間的人易患此病。
[04:48.13]The second is sex.
[04:50.70]第二是性別
[04:53.28]More women suffer from recurrent panic attacks than men.
[04:56.61]女人得恐慌癥的比男人多。
[04:59.94]The third is the multiplicity of symptoms.
[05:03.52]第三是多種癥狀并存。
[05:07.10]A panic attack victim usually suffersat least
[05:10.43]恐慌癥病人發(fā)作時(shí)至少
[05:13.76]four of the previously mentioned symptoms,
[05:16.58]有以上所談到的四種癥狀，
[05:19.40]while a heart attack victim often experiencesonly pain and shortness of breath.
[05:23.49]而心臟病發(fā)作的病人往往只感覺到疼痛和呼吸急促。
[05:27.58]It is generally agreed that a panic attackdoes not directly endanger a person's life.
[05:32.11]通常認(rèn)為恐慌癥并不直接危害一個(gè)人的生命。
[05:36.64]All the same, it can unnecessarily disrupt a petal's lifeby making him or her
[05:41.66]盡管如此，由于患者非常害怕
[05:46.67]so afraid of having a panic attack in a public place that
[05:49.94]在公共場(chǎng)合自己的恐慌癥發(fā)作，
[05:53.20]he or she may refuse to leave home
[05:55.68]以致他們可能拒絕離開家門，
[05:58.16]and may eventually become isolated from the rest of society.
[06:01.85]最終與社會(huì)隔絕，這就毫無必要地?cái)_亂敢他們的生活。
[06:05.53]Dr. Crocker's advice
[06:07.90]克羅克博士建議
[06:10.26]to any person who thinks he is suffering from a panic attack is to consult a doctor
[06:14.53]任何以為自己得了恐慌癥的人要去看醫(yī)生，
[06:18.80]for a medical examination to rule out the possibilities of physical illness first.
[06:24.12]作醫(yī)療檢查，以首先排除身體疾病的可能性。
[06:29.43]Once it has been confirmed that he or she is,in fact,suffering from a panic attack,
[06:34.15]一旦被確診真的患有恐慌癥，
[06:38.86]the victim should seek psychological and medical help.
[06:42.14]患者應(yīng)尋求心理和醫(yī)療的幫助。
[06:45.42]Text B
[06:48.37]sleepwalking--Fact or Fancy ?
[06:51.10]夢(mèng)游——事實(shí)還是幻想？
[06:53.83]There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers.
[06:56.71]關(guān)于夢(mèng)游者的故事層出不窮。
[06:59.58]Persons have been said to climb on roofs,solve mathematical problemscompose music,
[07:03.76]據(jù)說夢(mèng)游者能爬上屋頂，解數(shù)學(xué)題，作曲，
[07:07.94]walk through windows,and commit murder in their sleep.
[07:10.82]穿窗入室，睡夢(mèng)中行兇殺人。
[07:13.71]In Revere,Massachusetts,
[07:15.77]在美國(guó)馬薩諸塞州的里維爾市，
[07:17.84]a hundred policemen searched for a lost boywho left his home in his sleep
[07:21.56]百樂警察尋找一個(gè)睡著時(shí)離家出走的男孩，
[07:25.28]and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living roomwith
[07:28.61]五小時(shí)后他在一個(gè)陌生人家起居室的沙發(fā)上醒來，
[07:31.94]no idea how he had got there.
[07:34.13]茫然不解自己是怎么到那兒去的。
[07:36.31]At the University of Iowa,
[07:38.49]據(jù)報(bào)道，
[07:40.67]a student was reported to have the habit of getting upin the middle of the night
[07:43.91]衣阿華大學(xué)的一個(gè)學(xué)生有午夜起床，
[07:47.15]and walking three-quar-ters of a mile to the Iowa River.
[07:50.02]步行四分之三英里的路到衣阿華河，
[07:52.89]He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.
[07:55.91]在那兒游個(gè)泳，然后再回到房間睡覺的習(xí)慣。
[07:58.93]An expert on sleep in America claims that he has never seen a sleepwalker
[08:02.61]美國(guó)一位睡眠專家聲稱他從沒見過一個(gè)夢(mèng)游者。
[08:06.30]He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man,
[08:08.96]據(jù)說他比其他任何人都更了解睡眠，
[08:11.62]and during the last thirty--five years
[08:13.95]在過去的35年里因觀察別人睡眠
[08:16.27]has lost a lot of sleepwatching people sleep.
[08:18.80]而犧牲了自己相當(dāng)多的睡眠時(shí)間。
[08:21.32]Says he,"of course,I know that there are sleepwalkers
[08:24.54]他說：“當(dāng)然，因?yàn)樵趫?bào)紙上讀到過報(bào)道
[08:27.77]because I have read about them in the newspapers.
[08:30.05]所以我知道有夢(mèng)游者。
[08:32.34]But none of my sleepers ever walked,
[08:34.47]但從沒有一個(gè)我的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象睡著時(shí)夢(mèng)游。
[08:36.60]and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment,
[08:39.77]如果我要登廣告征求夢(mèng)游者作實(shí)驗(yàn)，
[08:42.95]I doubt that I'd get many takers."
[08:45.23]我很懷疑我能否找到很多人應(yīng)征。”
[08:47.52]Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality.
[08:50.44]然而，夢(mèng)游仍是一種科學(xué)的現(xiàn)實(shí)。
[08:53.37]It is one of those strange phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic
[08:56.61]它是一種奇怪的現(xiàn)象，有時(shí)幾乎令人難以置信。
[08:59.85]What is certain about sleep walkingis that it is a symptom of emotional disturbance,
[09:03.27]關(guān)于夢(mèng)游，確定的一點(diǎn)是，它是一種情感波動(dòng)不安的癥狀，
[09:06.69]and that the only way to cure
[09:08.57]唯一的治愈方法便是
[09:10.45]it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it.
[09:13.18]去除煩惱和焦慮這兩個(gè)病因。
[09:15.91]Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more commonthan is generally supposed.
[09:19.39]醫(yī)生說，夢(mèng)游癥比人們通常認(rèn)為的要常見得多。
[09:22.86]Many sleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record,
[09:25.94]很多夢(mèng)游者不尋求醫(yī)生的幫助，因而從不被列入記錄，
[09:29.03]which means that an accurate count can never be made.
[09:31.51]這就意味著永遠(yuǎn)也不可能有一份準(zhǔn)確的記錄。
[09:33.99]The question is:Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep?
[09:37.31]問題是，夢(mèng)游者實(shí)際上是清醒的還是仍在睡覺呢？
[09:40.62]Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half.
[09:44.54]科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)確定，他處于半夢(mèng)半醒之間。
[09:48.46]Dr.Zelda Teplitz who made a ten-year study of the subject, says, "
[09:51.18]就此做了10年研究的澤爾達(dá)’泰普里茲大夫說：
[09:53.89]The sleepwalker is awake, in the muscular area,
[09:56.17]夢(mèng)游者肌肉方面是清醒的，
[09:58.44]partially asleep in the sensory area.
[10:00.96]感官方面則處于部分睡眠狀態(tài)。”
[10:03.48]"In otber words,a person can walk in his sleep,move around,and do other things
[10:07.71]換句話說，夢(mèng)游者睡著時(shí)能行走，各處走動(dòng)，做事，
[10:11.94]but he does not think about what he is doing.
[10:14.06]但并不思考正在做的事情。
[10:16.18]What are the chances of a sleepwalker committing a murder
[10:18.80]夢(mèng)游者在睡眠中殺人
[10:21.43]or doing something else extraordinary in his sleep?
[10:23.71]或干出某種別的離奇的事的可能性有多大？
[10:26.00]Dr. Teplitz says,
[10:27.92]泰普里茲大夫說：
[10:29.84]"Most. people have such great inhibitions against murder or violence
[10:32.87]“很多人對(duì)殺人或暴力行為有很強(qiáng)的抑制力，所以如果沒人把他們弄醒
[10:35.90]that they would awaken if someone didn' t wake them up,'
[10:38.24]他們自己盡職盡責(zé)會(huì)醒的。”
[10:40.57]In general, authorities on sleepwalking agree with her.
[10:43.30]一般說來，夢(mèng)游方面的權(quán)威們同意她的說法。
[10:46.03]They think that peopie will not do anything in their sleepthat
[10:48.76]他們認(rèn)為，人們不會(huì)在睡眠中
[10:51.49]is against their own moral standard.
[10:53.56]做違背自己道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的事。
[10:55.62]As for the publicized cases, Dr.Teplitz points out
[10:58.94]至于那些廣為人知的例子，泰普里茲大夫說：
[11:02.26]Sleep.walking itself is dramatic...sleepwalkers can always find an audience
[11:05.94]“夢(mèng)游本身就富有戲劇性，夢(mèng)游者總是能找到一個(gè)聽眾。
[11:09.62]I think that some of their tall tales get exaggerated in the telling.
[11:12.59]我覺得他們講述某些故事時(shí)，把它們夸大得荒誕不經(jīng)。”
[11:15.55]"In her own records of case histories,
[11:17.58]在她自己所記錄的案例中，
[11:19.60]there is not one sleepwalkerwho ever got beyond his own front door.
[11:22.68]沒有一個(gè)夢(mèng)游者常能超越自家房門以外。
[11:25.77]To protect themselves,some sleepwalkers have been known to tie themselves in bed,
[11:29.04]為了保護(hù)自己，據(jù)說一些夢(mèng)游者把自己綁在床上，
[11:32.32]lock their doors,hide the keys, bolt the window,
[11:35.21]鎖好大門，藏起鑰匙，閂上窗戶，
[11:38.10]and take all sorts of measures to wake themselves if they should get out of bed.
[11:41.18]如果他們真的下了床，也會(huì)用各種辦法將自己弄醒。
[11:44.26]Curiously enough,
[11:45.84]十分奇怪，
[11:47.42]they have an unusual way of avoidlng their own trapswhen they sleepwalk,
[11:50.50]他們夢(mèng)游時(shí)有非同尋常的方法，能躲過這些防范措施，
[11:53.59]so none of their tricks seem to work very well.
[11:55.96]因此這些竅門幾乎均不奏效。
[11:58.34]Some sleepwalkers talk in their sleep loudly enough
[12:00.72]有些夢(mèng)游者睡著里大聲說話，
[12:03.10]to wake someone elsein the family
[12:04.92]聲音大得能把家人吵醒，
[12:06.75]who can then shake them back to their senses.
[12:08.93]家人就能把他們晃醒，使他們恢復(fù)理智。
[12:11.12]Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit.
[12:13.64]夢(mèng)游的孩子通常在長(zhǎng)大后這個(gè)習(xí)慣自然消失。
[12:16.16]In many adults, too, thecondition is more or less temporary.
[12:19.12]對(duì)很多大人來說，發(fā)生夢(mèng)游的情形或多或少是暫時(shí)的。
[12:22.09]If it happens often, however, the sleepwalker should seek help.
[12:25.06]但如果這事頻頻發(fā)生，夢(mèng)游者還是應(yīng)該尋求醫(yī)生的幫助。
[12:28.04]Although sleepwalking itself is nothing to become alarmed about,
[12:30.86]盡管夢(mèng)游行為本身并沒有什么驚恐不安的，
[12:33.68]the problems that cause the sleepwalking may be very serious.
[12:36.35]但引發(fā)夢(mèng)游的問題卻可能非常嚴(yán)重。
