歷年考研英語(yǔ)翻譯2000年

[00:03.38]2000 [00:06.20]Governments throughout the world [00:07.80]act on the assumption that the welfare [00:10.02]of their people depends largely [00:11.84]on the economic strength [00:13.41]and wealth of the community. [00:15.52](1) [00:17.24]this requires varying measures of centralized control [00:20.66]and hence the help of specialized scientists [00:23.69]such as economists and operational research experts.> [00:27.51](2) [00:29.23]that the strength of a country's economy [00:31.24]is directly bound up with the efficiency [00:33.76]of its agriculture and industry, [00:36.59]and that this in turn rests upon the efforts [00:39.31]of scientists and technologists of all kinds.> [00:42.84]It also means that governments [00:44.55]are increasingly compelled to interfere [00:46.97]in these sectors in order to step up production [00:50.20]and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. [00:53.83]For example, the may encourage research in various ways, [00:57.86]including the setting up of their own research centers; [01:01.18]they may alter the structure of education, [01:03.71]or interfere in order to reduce the wastage [01:06.33]of natural resources or tap resoureces hitherto unexploited; [01:11.07]or they may cooperate directly in the growing number [01:13.89]of international projects related to science, [01:16.81]economics and industry. [01:18.93]In any case, all such interventions [01:21.14]are heavily dependent on scientific advice [01:24.57]and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds. [01:29.21](3) [01:31.12]in mass-communications, [01:33.04]people everywhere are feeling new wants [01:35.56]and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, [01:38.99]while governments are often forced to introduce [01:41.51]still further innovations for the reasons given above.> [01:45.54]At the same time, [01:46.85]the normal rate of social change throughout the world [01:49.54]is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed [01:52.76]compared with the past. [01:54.38]For example. [01:55.59](4) [01:58.47]the process of industrialization [02:00.50]--with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns [02:03.12]that followed--was spread over nearly a century, [02:06.65]whereas nowadays a developing nation [02:08.96]may undergo the same process in a decade or so.> [02:12.30]All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures [02:15.93]and tensions within the community [02:18.35]and consequently presents serious problems [02:20.73]for the governments concerned. [02:22.65](5) [02:25.38]because of the population explosion or problems arising [02:28.80]from mass migration movements [02:31.02]--themselves made relatively easy nowadays [02:33.85]by modern means of transport.> [02:35.96]As a result of all these factors, [02:38.08]governments are becoming increasingly [02:40.09]dependent on biologists and social scientists [02:43.21]for planning the appropriate programs [02:45.23]and putting them into effect.

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