歷年考研英語(yǔ)翻譯1996年

[00:00.51]1996 [00:02.83]The differences in relative growth of various areas [00:06.04]of scientific research have several causes. [00:09.57](1) [00:10.88]are completely reasonable results of social needs. [00:14.41]Others are reasonable consequences [00:16.33]of particular advances in science [00:19.55]being to some extent self-accelerating.> [00:22.48]Some, however , are less reasonable processes [00:25.51]of different growth in which preconception [00:28.23]of the form scientific theory ought to take, [00:31.16]by persons in authority, [00:32.88]act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. [00:36.38]This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; [00:40.20]but it is a frightening trend. [00:42.42](2) [00:45.35]when several governments came to the conclusion [00:47.97]that the specific demands [00:49.39]that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment [00:53.31]cannot generally be foreseen in detail.> [00:56.54]It can be predicted, however, [00:58.66]that from time to time questions will arise [01:01.38]which will require specific scientific answers. [01:05.01]It is therefore generally valuable [01:06.91]to treat the scientific establishment as a resource [01:09.83]or machine to be kept in functional order. [01:13.04](3) [01:15.15]by supporting a certain amount of research [01:17.47]not related to immediate goals [01:19.49]but of possible consequence in the future.> [01:22.51]This kind of support, like all government support, [01:25.24]requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. [01:29.47]Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack [01:32.41]of utility are straightforward. [01:34.60]But a decision among projects [01:36.35]none of which has immediate utility [01:38.27]is more difficult. [01:40.08]The goal of the supporting agencies [01:41.99]is the praisable one of supporting "good" [01:44.73]as opposed to "bad" science, [01:46.75]but a valid determination is difficult to make. [01:50.08]Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused [01:54.01]with the capacity of the field in question [01:56.74]to generate an elegant theory. [01:58.97](4) [02:02.60]are in principle unable to deal [02:04.61]with some of the world’s more fascinating [02:06.38]and delightful aspects.> [02:08.47](5) [02:10.79]for thought must arise in the future [02:13.01]as they have in the past, [02:14.83]giving rise to new standards of elegance.>

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