VOA慢速英語：哈佛大學(xué)被控歧視亞裔美國人

Harvard Accused of Discriminating Against Asian-Americans

哈佛大學(xué)被控歧視亞裔美國人

A United States federal court in Boston, Massachusetts, is hearing a discrimination case against the oldest university in the country.

馬薩諸塞州波士頓市的一家聯(lián)邦法院正在審理一起控告該國最古老大學(xué)的歧視案。

The nonprofit organization Students for Fair Admissions first took legal action against Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 2014. It says the school discriminates against Asian-Americans seeking admission.

非營利性的“大學(xué)生公平入學(xué)”組織于2014年首次對馬薩諸塞州劍橋市的哈佛大學(xué)提起法律訴訟。該組織表示，哈佛大學(xué)歧視申請入學(xué)的亞裔美國人。

The legal action accuses Harvard of holding Asian-American students to higher requirements than students of other races. It says the university uses "racial balancing" policies that unlawfully limit how many Asian American students it accepts.

這起訴訟控告哈佛大學(xué)對亞裔學(xué)生維持高于其他種族學(xué)生的入學(xué)要求。它稱該大學(xué)采用“種族平衡”政策，非法限制所錄取的亞裔學(xué)生人數(shù)。

The organization argues that race should not be considered when deciding which students to accept. The use of "racial classifications and preferences" is "unfair, unnecessary, and unconstitutional," the group says on its website.

該組織辯稱，在學(xué)生錄取的決定中不應(yīng)該考慮種族因素。該組織在其網(wǎng)站上表示，使用“種族分類和偏好”是“不公平、不必要的，并且違反了憲法。”

It accuses the school of discriminating against Asian-Americans seeking admission by giving them a "personal rating."

它指控該校通過“個性評分”歧視亞裔美國人。

Lawyers for Students for Fair Admissions said these ratings seek to measure personal qualities such as "courage" and "likeability." Such qualities are measured subjectively, leaving the process open to discrimination, the lawyers argued.

“大學(xué)生公平入學(xué)”組織的律師表示，這些評分旨在衡量“勇氣”和“喜好度”等個人品質(zhì)。律師們認(rèn)為，這類品質(zhì)是主觀衡量的，使得這一過程容易受到歧視。

The group says it has more than 20,000 members, including students, parents and others.

該組織稱其有20萬成員，包括學(xué)生、家長等人。

Harvard denies using discriminatory practices in its admissions process. The Ivy League school says it uses race as one of many things it considers in admissions decisions. It believes considering race can help create a mixed community "where students from all walks of life" can learn with and from each other.

哈弗大學(xué)否認(rèn)在招生過程中采用歧視性做法。這所常春藤聯(lián)盟學(xué)校表示，它將種族作為招生決策過程中考慮的眾多因素之一。該校認(rèn)為，考慮種族可以幫助建立一個由不同種族組成的社區(qū)，各種學(xué)生能夠相互學(xué)習(xí)。

Education and employment policies that consider race are known as affirmative action. Supporters say these policies can help make up for historic, widespread racial discrimination of minority groups. Critics have long argued that affirmative action is unfair to white people and Asian-Americans who outperform other groups on academic measures.

在教育和就業(yè)政策中考慮種族因素被稱為平權(quán)運動。支持者稱這些政策可以幫助彌補少數(shù)族群受到的歷史性和廣泛性的歧視。批評者長期以來一直認(rèn)為，平權(quán)行動對學(xué)業(yè)成績優(yōu)于其他群體的白人和亞裔來說是不公平的。

The U.S. Supreme Court has heard several cases about affirmative action in recent years.

美國最高法院最近幾年審理了幾起關(guān)于平權(quán)行動的案子。

The Supreme Court's most recent decision on the subject approved limited use of race in the admission process. That 2016 decision came from a lawsuit against the University of Texas that accused the school of discriminating against white students.

最高法院就此問題做出的最新裁決批準(zhǔn)了種族因素在錄取過程中的有限使用。2016年做出的這一裁決來自一起控告德克薩斯大學(xué)歧視白人學(xué)生的訴訟。

Harvard leaders have said the school only considers race in the way earlier Supreme Court cases have ruled is permitted.

哈佛大學(xué)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人表示，該校只會照最高法院已經(jīng)裁決允許的方式考慮種族因素。

The university has also noted that its share of Asian-Americans has grown in recent years, reaching 23 percent of the latest first year class.

該校還指出其亞裔學(xué)生比例近年來有所增長，亞裔在最近入學(xué)的一年級學(xué)生中達(dá)到了23%的比例。

Harvard reports that 15.2 percent of its most recent first year class is African-American. Hispanic or Latino students make up 12.3 percent, while 1.9 percent are Native American. That leaves a remaining group of mainly white students at under 50 percent.

哈佛大學(xué)報告稱，最新入學(xué)的一年級學(xué)生中，非洲裔美國人占到了15.2%，西班牙裔或拉美裔學(xué)生占到了12.3%，而美洲原住民占到了1.9%。這使得以白人為主的其它群體所占的比例低于了50%。

President Donald Trump's administration supports the argument against Harvard.

川普政府支持反哈佛大學(xué)的觀點。

In July, the Trump administration announced it was withdrawing government guidelines meant to increase student diversity at U.S. schools. The guidelines were developed during the presidency of Barack Obama. The guidance stated that schools could consider race in admissions decisions as long as the policies did not violate Supreme Court decisions.

今年7月，川普政府宣布退出旨在增加美國學(xué)校學(xué)生多樣性的指導(dǎo)方針。這些指導(dǎo)方針是在奧巴馬任內(nèi)制定的。這些方針指出，只要政策不違反最高法院裁決，學(xué)校就可以在錄取決定中考慮種族因素。

The U.S. Justice Department said it was withdrawing the guidelines because it considered them "unnecessary or outdated." Civil rights groups criticized the move and some university officials said they would continue their efforts toward mixed student populations as before.

美國司法部稱退出這些指導(dǎo)方針是因為它們是“不必要的或者過時了。”民權(quán)組織批評此舉，一些大學(xué)官員表示，他們將會像以前一樣，努力建立一個由多種族組成的學(xué)生群體。

I'm Bryan Lynn.

布萊恩·林恩報道。