VOA慢速英語：川普堅(jiān)稱對鋼鋁征稅不讓步

Trump Is 'Not Backing Down' on Tariffs Plan

川普堅(jiān)稱對鋼鋁征稅不讓步

U.S. President Donald Trump said he is "not backing down" on his plan to raise taxes, known as tariffs, on imported steel and aluminum.

美國總統(tǒng)川普表示，他在計(jì)劃對進(jìn)口鋼鋁征收關(guān)稅這件事上并未讓步。

However, members of his Republican Party and leaders around the world are warning the taxes are not a good idea.

然而，他所在的共和黨內(nèi)成員以及世界各地的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都警告說，這不是一個(gè)好主意。

The president has said products from Canada and Mexico, two of the largest steel exporters to the U.S., would face the tax just like all other countries.

川普曾表示，加拿大和墨西哥是美國兩個(gè)最大的鋼材進(jìn)口國，這兩個(gè)國家的產(chǎn)品也會(huì)像其它國家一樣面臨關(guān)稅。

But he suggested that he might be willing to exempt the two countries if they agreed to different terms for the North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA.

但是他暗示，如果他們就北約自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定達(dá)成新的條款，他可能就會(huì)豁免這兩個(gè)國家。

"No, we're not backing down," Trump said in the Oval Office during a meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. "We've had a very bad deal with Mexico, we've had a very bad deal with Canada — it's called NAFTA," Trump said.

川普在白宮總統(tǒng)辦公室會(huì)見以色列總理內(nèi)塔尼亞胡時(shí)表示，“不，我們沒有讓步。我們跟墨西哥以及加拿大以前都簽訂了非常糟糕的協(xié)議，也就是所謂的北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定。”

Trump made his comments after a spokeswoman for House Speaker Paul Ryan said the Republican leader was "extremely worried" about a trade war. She added that Ryan urged the president "to not advance with this plan."

在川普發(fā)表此番評論之前，眾議院議長保羅·瑞安(Paul Ryan)的發(fā)言人表示，這位共和黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非常擔(dān)心“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”。她補(bǔ)充說，瑞安督促川普總統(tǒng)“不要推動(dòng)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。”

The Trump administration says the tariffs are necessary to support American industries that are important to national security.

川普政府表示，關(guān)稅對于支持對美國國家安全至關(guān)重要的行業(yè)來說是非常必要的。

But the president's comments and messages on Twitter have suggested that he is seeking to influence talks on NAFTA. The latest round of a nearly yearlong renegotiation effort is coming to an end this week in Mexico City.

但是川普在推特上發(fā)表的評論和信息表明，他正試圖影響北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判。北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定進(jìn)行了為期近一年的重新談判，最新一輪談判工作本周即將在墨西哥城結(jié)束。

Trump tweeted, "Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum will only come off if new & fair NAFTA agreement is signed. Also, Canada must treat our farmers much better. Highly restrictive. Mexico must do much more on stopping drugs from pouring into the U.S."

川普在推特上表示：“只有簽訂新的、公平的北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定，才會(huì)取消鋼鋁關(guān)稅。此外，加拿大必須更好地對待我們的農(nóng)民，現(xiàn)在的限制太嚴(yán)格了。墨西哥必須在阻止毒品流入美國方面做得更多。”

Reactions to tariffs plan

對關(guān)稅計(jì)劃的反應(yīng)

Trump's announcement last week that he would place tariffs on steel and aluminum imports unsettled the stock markets and angered allies.

川普上周宣布他將會(huì)對鋼鋁進(jìn)口征收關(guān)稅，這讓股市大亂，也激怒了盟國。

The U.S. military has asked for targeted tariffs on metal imports from countries like China. It warned that tariffs on all countries would hurt national security partnerships with some countries.

美國軍方已經(jīng)要求對從中國等國進(jìn)口的金屬實(shí)行有針對性的關(guān)稅。它警告說，對所有國家征收關(guān)稅會(huì)傷害美國同一些國家的國家安全伙伴關(guān)系。

But other officials supported a tariff without exceptions. Speaking on a Fox news program, White House trade adviser Peter Navarro said: "25 percent on steel, and the 10 percent on aluminum, no country exclusions — firm line in the sand."

但是其他官員毫無例外地支持關(guān)稅。白宮貿(mào)易顧問彼得·納瓦羅(Peter Navarro)在福克斯新聞節(jié)目中表示：“對鋼鐵征收25%，對鋁材征收10%的關(guān)稅，沒有國家例外，這是堅(jiān)定的底線。”

Republican South Carolina senator Lindsey Graham said the sweeping action would let China "off the hook." He also said it would divide the U.S. and its allies.

南卡羅來納州參議員林賽·格雷厄姆(Lindsey Graham)表示，這一徹底行動(dòng)將會(huì)讓中國“脫身。”他還表示，這將會(huì)讓美國及其盟國分化。

Jean-Claude Juncker is president of the European Commission. He said the European Union could answer by taxing American goods including whiskey, blue jeans, and Harley-Davidson motorcycles.

讓-克洛德·容克是歐盟委員會(huì)主席。他說，歐盟可能會(huì)對美國的威士忌、牛仔褲以及哈雷-戴維森摩托車等產(chǎn)品征稅作為回應(yīng)。

Trump replied by threatened to tax European cars if the EU raises tariffs on American products. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross called threats from American allies "pretty trivial" and not much more than a "rounding error."

川普威脅，如果歐盟提高對美國產(chǎn)品的關(guān)稅，就要對歐洲汽車征稅。美國商務(wù)部長威爾伯·羅斯(Wilbur Ross)稱來自美國盟國的威脅“無足輕重”，而且是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。

Douglas Irwin is a Dartmouth College economist. He recently published the book "Clashing Over Commerce: A History of U.S. Trade Policy."

道格拉斯·歐文(Douglas Irwin)是達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家。他最近出版了《商業(yè)沖突：美國貿(mào)易政策歷史》一書。

He told the Associated Press, "Usually, all sides lose in a trade war. Trade shrinks as countries pile on barriers in an effort to remedy some grievance, with consumers paying the price."

他對美聯(lián)社表示，“通常貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)各方都是輸家。隨著各國紛紛加大壁壘意圖改進(jìn)一些不滿，貿(mào)易就會(huì)縮水，消費(fèi)者會(huì)付出代價(jià)。”

Trump administration officials said Monday that the tariffs will be made official in the next two weeks.

川普政府官員周一表示，這些關(guān)稅將在未來兩周內(nèi)正式出臺。