VOA慢速英語：專家對川普政策如何影響石油行業(yè)意見不一

Experts Divided over How Trump Policies Will Affect Oil Industry

專家對川普政策如何影響石油行業(yè)意見不一

Oil industry leaders and experts have conflicting opinions about what the policies of U.S. President-Elect Donald Trump could mean for the oil industry.

候任總統(tǒng)川普的政策對石油行業(yè)來說可能意味著什么?石油行業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和專家對此意見并不統(tǒng)一。

Low oil prices have hurt profits for leading oil companies in recent years. However, prices are rising again, creating other problems.

近年來低油價已經(jīng)損害了主要石油公司的利潤。然而，油價再次上漲又引發(fā)了其它問題。

Jack Gerard is president of the American Petroleum Institute, a group that represents the oil industry.

杰克·杰拉德(Jack Gerard)是代表石油行業(yè)的美國石油學(xué)會的主席。

Gerard notes that Trump has promised to change regulations and reform taxes. He says that could help energy companies and lead to more oil industry jobs.

杰拉德指出，川普已經(jīng)承諾修改法規(guī)和改革稅收。他說，這對能源公司可能會有幫助，還可能會帶來更多石油行業(yè)的就業(yè)崗位。

Gerard said America's oil and natural gas industries support 9.8 million jobs. He thinks the industry could create hundreds of thousands of additional jobs if what he called "smart" regulation was put in place. He says the "smart" rules would replace ones that appear to duplicate existing measures or are in competition with them.

杰拉德表示，美國的石油和天然氣行業(yè)提供了980萬個就業(yè)崗位。他認為，如果他所謂的“靈活法規(guī)”能夠到位，該行業(yè)還能創(chuàng)造十萬個新的就業(yè)崗位。他說，這些靈活的規(guī)章將會取代現(xiàn)有重復(fù)規(guī)章或是與其展開競爭。

Other observers say some of Trump's proposed policies and his statements present problems for international oil markets.

其他觀察家表示，川普提出的一些政策及他發(fā)表的一些聲明給國際石油市場帶來了麻煩。

Diane Munro is an oil industry expert. In December, she wrote a story for the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, DC. The non-profit group aims to increase understanding of the Gulf States in the United States.

戴安·蒙羅(Diane Munro)是一位石油專家。她在12月為華盛頓特區(qū)的阿拉伯海灣國家研究所寫了一篇報道。這家非營利性組織旨在增進美國對海灣國家的了解。

Munro wrote that some of Trump's statements present, in her words, a "cauldron of contradictions." For example, Trump has strongly criticized the 2015 nuclear agreement between Iran and world powers. The agreement eases many economic restrictions on Iran in return for limits on its nuclear activities. The president-elect said he would consider canceling the deal.

蒙羅寫道，川普的一些聲明引發(fā)了一堆矛盾。例如，川普強烈批評伊朗同世界大國之間2015年簽訂的核協(xié)議。該協(xié)議減輕了對伊朗的諸多經(jīng)濟限制，以換取對伊朗核活動的限制。候任總統(tǒng)表示會考慮取消這項協(xié)議。

Munro wrote that Trump also has threatened to ban oil imports from the Middle East, accusing oil producers there of unfairly controlling prices. Statements against the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) have been considered unfriendly to Gulf countries and Saudi Arabia, she noted.

蒙羅寫道，川普還威脅禁止從中東進口石油，并指責(zé)石油生產(chǎn)國不公平控制價格。她指出，這些針對石油輸出國組織(簡稱歐佩克)的聲明被視為對海灣國家和沙特不友好。

Munro added that such statements are likely to cause concern or "rattle" the oil market. They also might hurt already the U.S. relationship with Saudi Arabia, which she described as "fraying."

蒙羅還說，這類聲明可能會引起石油市場的擔(dān)憂，還可能會損害美國同沙特之間的關(guān)系。

Trump's choice for secretary of state called "oil-centric"

川普的國務(wù)卿之選被稱之為“以石油為中心”

At least one nominee for Trump's cabinet has strong ties to the oil industry. His choice for Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, retired as chief executive officer at ExxonMobil earlier this month. Tillerson is to receive a retirement deal valued at $180 million from his former employer.

至少有一名川普內(nèi)閣提名人跟石油行業(yè)有著密切關(guān)系。他提名了埃克森美孚公司月初退休的前首席執(zhí)行官雷克斯·蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)擔(dān)任國務(wù)卿。蒂勒森將從他的前雇主那獲得價值1.8億美元的退休金。

Gerard praised the nomination as "world class." He said Tillerson's skills can represent the nation well.

杰拉德稱贊這一提名是“世界級的”。他稱蒂勒森的能力可以完美代表美國。

But Munro called the choice "oil-centric." She wrote the nomination appears to show the growing influence of Russia on U.S. policy. She said this will create a mixed message for America's Middle East allies.

但是蒙羅稱這一選擇是“以石油為中心”。她撰文稱這一提名似乎表明了俄羅斯對美國政策日益增長的影響。她說，這將會給美國的中東盟友帶去矛盾的信號。

Tillerson has good relations with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Under his leadership, ExxonMobil has developed oil projects in Russia and also in the South China Sea, with Vietnam.

蒂勒森同俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京關(guān)系良好。在他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，?？松梨诠疽呀?jīng)在俄羅斯以及同越南在中國南海開發(fā)了石油項目。

Oil prices have been rising since OPEC members announced a deal to reduce production in late November.

自從歐佩克成員國11月下旬宣布減產(chǎn)協(xié)議以來，石油價格一路上漲。

OPEC has historically had a difficult time enforcing its agreements, however. It is difficult to predict how the cartel's latest move will affect prices this year.

然而歐佩克歷來難以執(zhí)行其協(xié)議。很難預(yù)測該卡特爾最近的舉措將會如何影響今年的石油價格。

I'm Mario Ritter.

馬里奧·里特報道。