口語(yǔ)進(jìn)階-敘事口語(yǔ)材料：中國(guó)萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城的歷史02

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原文及翻譯

Eventually, the Chinese rebelled and overthrew their Mongol rulers. Nonetheless, the Mongols remained a threat. In 1449, they destroyed a Chinese army and captured the emperor. A new Great Wall was begun to keep the Mongols out. This is the wall which tourists visit today and which is pictured on Chinese stamps. 

最終，中國(guó)人起義推翻了蒙古統(tǒng)治者。盡管如此，蒙古人仍然是一個(gè)威脅。1449 年，他們摧毀了一支中國(guó)軍隊(duì)并俘虜了皇帝。為了阻止蒙古人入侵，人們開(kāi)始修建新的長(zhǎng)城。這就是今天游客參觀的長(zhǎng)城，也是中國(guó)郵票上的照片。

Construction continued for 200 years. While some parts were built of packed earth, much of the wall was built of stone, brick, and rubble. This is why it took so long; stones had to be quarried, and bricks baked and carried to the site. Laborers, peasants, soldiers, and criminals were forced to work on the wall. Large and small forts and watchtowers carefully guarded the wall. 

修建持續(xù)了 200 年。雖然有些部分是用夯土建造的，但大部分長(zhǎng)城是用石頭、磚塊和瓦礫建造的。這就是為什么修建過(guò)程如此漫長(zhǎng)的原因；必須開(kāi)采石頭，燒制磚塊并運(yùn)送到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。勞工、農(nóng)民、士兵和罪犯被迫修建長(zhǎng)城。大大小小的堡壘和瞭望塔小心翼翼地守衛(wèi)著長(zhǎng)城。

Nearly a million soldiers were stationed along it. The Chinese defenders lit fires when the enemy was sighted; plumes of smoke and cannon shots told that the enemy was advancing and how many there were. By 1644, the new wall was almost completed. That same year, however, an internal uprising overthrew the emperor. This revolt was partly caused by the high taxes demanded to pay for the wall. The emperor's men invited the nomadic Manchu tribe to come through the gates of the wall to help put down the revolt. 

沿長(zhǎng)城駐扎了近一百萬(wàn)士兵。中國(guó)守軍發(fā)現(xiàn)敵人時(shí)會(huì)點(diǎn)火；濃煙和炮聲表明敵人正在推進(jìn)，人數(shù)眾多。到 1644 年，新長(zhǎng)城幾乎完工。然而，就在同一年，一場(chǎng)內(nèi)部起義推翻了皇帝。這場(chǎng)起義的部分原因是修建長(zhǎng)城所征收的高額稅收?；实鄣牟肯卵?qǐng)游牧的滿族部落穿過(guò)長(zhǎng)城大門，幫助鎮(zhèn)壓起義。

The Manchus came, but they stayed and ruled China for several hundred years. Since the Manchus ruled both north and south of the wall, they did not care about maintaining it. Many parts fell into disrepair, and some completely disappeared. Today, the parts that remain are a major tourist attraction. The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world, even if it really didn't succeed in its purpose of keeping the northern nomads out of China.

滿族人來(lái)了，但他們留下來(lái)統(tǒng)治了中國(guó)幾百年。由于滿族統(tǒng)治著長(zhǎng)城的南北兩面，他們并不關(guān)心長(zhǎng)城的維護(hù)。許多部分年久失修，有些甚至完全消失了。今天，剩下的部分是一個(gè)主要的旅游景點(diǎn)。中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城是世界奇跡之一，即使它并沒(méi)有真正實(shí)現(xiàn)將北方游牧民族擋在中國(guó)之外的目的。

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