每日一詞∣南水北調(diào)工程 the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

截至今年3月，南水北調(diào)工程已累計(jì)向北方地區(qū)調(diào)水400多億立方米。東線、中線一期主體工程建成通水以來，直接受益人口達(dá)1.2億多人，供水到達(dá)40多個(gè)大中型城市，同時(shí)助力東線、中線沿線河湖生態(tài)修復(fù)。
As of March, the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had transferred over 40 billion cubic meters of water to the northern areas. More than 120 million people had directly benefited from the project since the first phase of its eastern and middle routes began supplying water. More than 40 big and medium-sized cities received water from the project, which has also helped ecological restoration of rivers and lakes along its eastern and middle routes.

南水北調(diào)中線穿黃工程（圖片來源：新華社）

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
“南水北調(diào)工程”是中華人民共和國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略性工程，分東、中、西三條線路將南方長(zhǎng)江流域的水調(diào)到北方水資源缺乏區(qū)域。南水北調(diào)工程規(guī)劃區(qū)涉及人口4.38億人，調(diào)水規(guī)模448億立方米，工程規(guī)劃的東、中、西線干線總長(zhǎng)度達(dá)4350公里，通過三條調(diào)水線路，與長(zhǎng)江、淮河、黃河、海河相互聯(lián)接，構(gòu)成我國(guó)中部地區(qū)水資源“四橫三縱、南北調(diào)配、東西互濟(jì)”的總體格局。南水北調(diào)工程是迄今為止世界上規(guī)模最大的調(diào)水工程。
南水北調(diào)東線于2013年11月正式通水。工程從江蘇揚(yáng)州引長(zhǎng)江水，利用京杭大運(yùn)河以及與之平行的河道輸水，設(shè)13梯級(jí)泵站，經(jīng)泵站逐級(jí)提水進(jìn)入東平湖，出東平湖后分兩路，一路抵達(dá)魯北地區(qū)，一路向東輸水至青島、煙臺(tái)等地。
2014年12月12日，南水北調(diào)中線工程一期正式通水運(yùn)行。中線一期工程以丹江口水庫為起點(diǎn)，地跨河南、河北、北京、天津4省市。
 

【重要講話】
進(jìn)入新發(fā)展階段、貫徹新發(fā)展理念、構(gòu)建新發(fā)展格局，形成全國(guó)統(tǒng)一大市場(chǎng)和暢通的國(guó)內(nèi)大循環(huán)，促進(jìn)南北方協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，需要水資源的有力支撐。
Strong support of water resources is needed as the nation enters a new development stage, implements a new development philosophy, fosters a new development paradigm, endeavors to establish a national unified market and boost smooth domestic circulation, and promotes coordinated growth between northern and southern China.
——2021年5月14日，習(xí)近平在河南省南陽市主持召開推進(jìn)南水北調(diào)后續(xù)工程高質(zhì)量發(fā)展座談會(huì)并發(fā)表重要講話

南水北調(diào)工程是實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)水資源優(yōu)化配置、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、保障和改善民生的重大戰(zhàn)略性基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project is important strategic infrastructure to optimize water resources, boost sustainable economic and social development, and improve people's livelihoods.
——2020年11月12日至13日，習(xí)近平在江蘇考察時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)

【相關(guān)詞匯】

蓄水工程
water conservancy projects

防洪抗旱體系
flood control and drought relief systems

農(nóng)田灌溉工程
farmland irrigation projects