太極拳、送王船申遺成功 中國總數(shù)居首

聯(lián)合國教科文組織保護(hù)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)政府間委員會第15屆常會于12月14日至19日在線上召開。本屆常會共評審57個(gè)國家申報(bào)的50個(gè)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目。

2020年12月16日，河北省邯鄲市太極拳愛好者在練習(xí)太極拳。(圖片來源：新華社)

Tai Chi, a centuries-old martial art and now a popular form of exercise, was inscribed on the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on Thursday evening (Beijing Time). Another honored entry is "Wangchuan ceremony and related practices for maintaining the sustainable connection between man and the ocean," which was nominated by China together with Malaysia.

北京時(shí)間12月17日晚，我國單獨(dú)申報(bào)的“太極拳”、我國與馬來西亞聯(lián)合申報(bào)的“送王船——有關(guān)人與海洋可持續(xù)聯(lián)系的儀式及相關(guān)實(shí)踐”兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目，列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)代表作名錄。

【單詞講解】

Inscribe這個(gè)詞的本意是“雕、刻”，刻上去的文字一般會保留很長時(shí)間，所以這個(gè)詞也有“寫入、記錄”之意，即to write, engrave, or print as a lasting record或者to enter on a list，常用的搭配除了上文中的inscribe something on something (as...)以外，還有inscribe something with...，比如：They inscribed the monument with the soldiers' names.(他們把戰(zhàn)士們的名字刻在紀(jì)念碑上。)

太極拳

Originating during the mid 17th century in Wenxian county in Henan province in central China, it is now practiced throughout China by people of all ages and by different ethnic groups.

太極拳自17世紀(jì)中葉發(fā)源于河南省溫縣以來，習(xí)練者遍布全國各地，不限年齡、不限民族。

Tai chi's basic movements center on wubu (five steps) and bafa (eight techniques) with a series of routines, exercises and tuishou (hand-pushing skills, performed with a counterpart).

太極拳最核心的動作是“八法五步”常規(guī)招式以及“推手”(兩人之間雙手的徒手對抗)。

2018年6月29日，兩名小朋友在河南省焦作市溫縣陳家溝一處拳館外習(xí)練太極拳。(圖片來源：新華社)

送王船

The wangchuan ceremony and related practices are rooted in folk customs of worshipping Ong Yah, a deity believed to protect people and their lands from disasters.

送王船及相關(guān)實(shí)踐源自于民間的王爺崇拜信俗，據(jù)稱王爺是可以保護(hù)民眾及其土地免受災(zāi)害的一位天神。

The element evokes the historical memory of ancestors' ocean-going and honors the harmony between man and the ocean. It also bears witness to the intercultural dialogue among communities.

送王船傳遞著人們對先輩走向海洋的歷史記憶，體現(xiàn)了人與自然和諧相處的理念，見證了社群之間的跨文化對話。

福建省廈門市送王船。

【知識點(diǎn)】

根據(jù)聯(lián)合國教科文組織的定義，非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)(Intangible Cultural Heritage)包括口頭傳統(tǒng)(oral traditions), 表演藝術(shù)(performing arts), 社會慣例(social practices)，儀式(rituals), 節(jié)日活動(festive events), 與本土或全球有關(guān)的知識及慣例(knowledge and practices concerning native and the universe)或者制作傳統(tǒng)工藝品的知識和技能(the knowledge and skills to produce traditional crafts)。

至此，我國共有42個(gè)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄(冊)(42 entries in UNESCO''s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage List of Humanity)，居世界第一。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

文化遺產(chǎn) cultural heritage

文化多樣性 cultural diversity

世界遺產(chǎn)名錄 World Heritage List

申遺 bid for the World Heritage List

文化資源整合 integration of cultural resources

保護(hù)世界文化和自然遺產(chǎn)公約 Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage