每日一詞∣農(nóng)村土地承包 rural land contracting

《中共中央 國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于保持土地承包關(guān)系穩(wěn)定并長(zhǎng)久不變的意見(jiàn)》日前正式公布。《意見(jiàn)》指出，堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村土地農(nóng)民集體所有，家庭承包經(jīng)營(yíng)的基本制度長(zhǎng)久不變。

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Council issued a guideline for keeping rural land contracting "stable and unchanged on a long-term basis." The guideline stated that rural land will continue to be owned collectively by the rural community, and the household land contracting and operating system will remain unchanged.

聯(lián)合收割機(jī)在江蘇省淮安地區(qū)作業(yè)。(圖片來(lái)源：新華社)

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

《中共中央 國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于保持土地承包關(guān)系穩(wěn)定并長(zhǎng)久不變的意見(jiàn)》提出：農(nóng)村土地集體所有、家庭承包經(jīng)營(yíng)的基本制度有利于調(diào)動(dòng)集體和農(nóng)民積極性，對(duì)保障國(guó)家糧食安全和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品有效供給具有重要作用，必須毫不動(dòng)搖地長(zhǎng)久堅(jiān)持，確保農(nóng)民集體有效行使集體土地所有權(quán)、集體成員平等享有土地承包權(quán)。

家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)中居于基礎(chǔ)性地位，要長(zhǎng)久保障和實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)戶依法承包集體土地的基本權(quán)利。農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織成員有權(quán)依法承包集體土地，任何組織和個(gè)人都不能剝奪和非法限制。同時(shí)，要根據(jù)時(shí)代發(fā)展需要，不斷強(qiáng)化對(duì)土地承包權(quán)的物權(quán)保護(hù)，依法保障農(nóng)民對(duì)承包地占有、使用、收益、流轉(zhuǎn)及承包土地的經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)抵押、擔(dān)保權(quán)利，不斷賦予其更加完善的權(quán)能。農(nóng)民家庭是土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)的法定主體，農(nóng)村集體土地由集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織內(nèi)農(nóng)民家庭承包，家庭成員依法平等享有承包土地的各項(xiàng)權(quán)益。

【重要講話】

鞏固和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度，深化農(nóng)村土地制度改革，完善承包地“三權(quán)”分置制度。保持土地承包關(guān)系穩(wěn)定并長(zhǎng)久不變，第二輪土地承包到期后再延長(zhǎng)三十年。深化農(nóng)村集體產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革，保障農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益，壯大集體經(jīng)濟(jì)。

We will consolidate and improve the basic rural operation system, advance reform of the rural land system, and improve the system for separating the ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights for contracted rural land. Rural land contracting practices will remain stable and unchanged on a long-term basis; the current round of contracts will be extended for another 30 years upon expiration. We will press ahead with reform of the rural collective property rights system, safeguard the property rights and interests of rural people, and strengthen the collective economy.

——2017年10月18日，習(xí)近平在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第十九次全國(guó)代表大會(huì)上的報(bào)告

【相關(guān)詞匯】

家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制

household contract responsibility system

土地經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)

right of land management

農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)

rural land transfer