我國全面實施市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單制度

A worker at a pump truck making factory in Zhangjiakou, Hebei province, Sept 25, 2018. [Photo/IC]

China took further steps in opening up its market to domestic and overseas investors Tuesday by announcing a negative list for market access (2018 version), an institutional innovation to be applied across the country.

我國25日發(fā)布市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單(2018年版)，進(jìn)一步向國內(nèi)外投資者開放市場，這是一項將在全國推行的制度創(chuàng)新。

市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單(negative list for market access)制度，是指國務(wù)院以清單方式明確列出在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)禁止和限制投資經(jīng)營的行業(yè)、領(lǐng)域、業(yè)務(wù)(sectors, fields and businesses off-limits for investors)等，各級政府依法采取相應(yīng)管理措施的一系列制度安排。

Industries, fields and businesses not on the negative list are open for investment to all market players.

市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單以外的行業(yè)、領(lǐng)域、業(yè)務(wù)等，各類市場主體皆可依法平等進(jìn)入。

負(fù)面清單主體包括“禁止準(zhǔn)入類”和“許可準(zhǔn)入類”兩大類，共151個事項、581條具體管理措施。

其中，禁止準(zhǔn)入類事項4項(4 items that are prohibited for market entry)。對于禁止類事項，市場主體不得進(jìn)入，行政機關(guān)不予審批。許可準(zhǔn)入類事項共147項(147 items which require government approval for market entry)，對于許可準(zhǔn)入類事項，由市場主體提出申請，行政機關(guān)依法依規(guī)作出是否予以準(zhǔn)入的決定，或由市場主體依照政府規(guī)定的準(zhǔn)入條件和準(zhǔn)入方式合規(guī)進(jìn)入。

國家發(fā)改委有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，這一重大制度創(chuàng)新，有利于發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用(help the market play a decisive role in allocating resources)，真正實現(xiàn)“非禁即入”;有利于激發(fā)市場主體活力，對各類市場主體一視同仁(enable a level playing field for all market players)，實現(xiàn)規(guī)則平等、權(quán)利平等、機會平等;有利于政府加強事中事后監(jiān)管(supervision during and after investment);有利于推動相關(guān)審批體制、投資體制、監(jiān)管機制、社會信用體系和激勵懲戒機制改革，推進(jìn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化(promote modernization of governance system and capabilities)。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

市場準(zhǔn)入 market access

資源配置 allocate resources

市場主體 market player

制度創(chuàng)新 institutional innovation

外商投資 foreign investment