印度取消衛(wèi)生巾稅，這還要感謝寶萊塢“護(hù)墊俠”

印度政府21日宣布對(duì)衛(wèi)生巾不再征收12%的消費(fèi)稅。一些女性權(quán)益保護(hù)團(tuán)體估算，印度有大約80%的女性無(wú)力負(fù)擔(dān)或者難以購(gòu)得衛(wèi)生用品。免稅舉措將幫助更多女性安然度過(guò)每個(gè)月的特殊日子，走進(jìn)學(xué)校和職場(chǎng)。

Sanitary pads are now tax-free in India.

衛(wèi)生巾在印度免稅了。

The Indian government has decided to scrap a controversial 12% tax on the feminine hygiene products, it announced late Saturday, marking a victory for campaigners who have lobbied against the tax for more than a year.

印度政府周六晚間宣布，廢除對(duì)女性衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)品征收的12%稅收，這一稅收之前就備受爭(zhēng)議。這標(biāo)志著反對(duì)這項(xiàng)稅收的活動(dòng)人士一年多來(lái)的游說(shuō)取得了勝利。

"[The country's] sisters and mothers will be happy to hear that sanitary pads have been given a 100% exemption and brought down to a tax rate of zero," the country's acting finance minister Piyush Goyal told reporters. "Now there will be no [tax] on sanitary pads."

印度代理財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)皮尤什-戈亞爾告訴記者說(shuō)：“所有女性聽(tīng)到衛(wèi)生巾現(xiàn)在100%免稅，稅率為零的消息都會(huì)非常開(kāi)心。以后衛(wèi)生巾都不再收稅了。”

Activists say removing the tax on pads tackles one of the biggest barriers to education for girls, who are often forced to stay at home due to a lack of access to clean hygiene products, while also facing stigma and a lack of toilets in schools.

活動(dòng)人士稱(chēng)，取消衛(wèi)生巾稅解決了女孩接受教育的一個(gè)最大障礙。由于缺少衛(wèi)生用品，再加上學(xué)校缺少衛(wèi)生間，不少女生經(jīng)期都羞于出門(mén)，無(wú)法上學(xué)。

Periods are among the leading factors for girls to drop out of school in India, where four out of five women and girls are estimated by campaigners to have no access to sanitary pads.

經(jīng)期不方便成為印度女孩輟學(xué)的主要因素之一。印度一些女性權(quán)益保護(hù)團(tuán)體估算，印度全國(guó)大約80%的女性經(jīng)期沒(méi)有衛(wèi)生巾可用。

Last year, lawmaker Sushmita Dev launched a petition to demand a reduction or total removal of taxes on pads, citing that about 70 percent of women in India could not afford them.

去年，議員蘇什米塔-德夫發(fā)起請(qǐng)?jiān)?，呼吁政府減免衛(wèi)生巾稅，稱(chēng)印度有70%的女性買(mǎi)不起衛(wèi)生巾。

The online petition gained more than 400,000 signatures.

這次網(wǎng)上請(qǐng)?jiān)刚鞯贸^(guò)40萬(wàn)個(gè)簽名。

Dev thanked all her supporters in a tweet on Saturday, and also criticized the government for taking more than a year to remove the tax on sanitary pads.

倡導(dǎo)者德夫在周六的一條推文中感謝所有支持者，并批評(píng)政府花了一年多的時(shí)間才取消了這一稅收。

很多人將取消衛(wèi)生巾稅與印度電影《護(hù)墊俠》聯(lián)系在了一起。

Bollywood’s first film on menstrual hygiene ‘Padman’, starring Akshay Kumar – one of Hindi cinema’s most popular action heroes – triggered debate over the taboo subject of menstrual hygiene in India after its release earlier this year.

今年年初，寶萊塢首部以經(jīng)期衛(wèi)生為主題的電影《護(hù)墊俠》上映。影片男主角阿克謝-庫(kù)瑪爾是印度最受歡迎的動(dòng)作明星。這部電影引發(fā)了人們對(duì)印度女性經(jīng)期衛(wèi)生的熱議，在印度社會(huì)這個(gè)話(huà)題一直都是禁忌。

Kumar is at the forefront of a campaign by Niine Movement, an initiative promoting menstrual hygiene, to help increase the number of women using pads.

影片男主角阿克謝-庫(kù)瑪爾是Niine運(yùn)動(dòng)的領(lǐng)軍人士，這個(gè)團(tuán)體宣傳經(jīng)期衛(wèi)生，倡導(dǎo)更多女性使用衛(wèi)生巾。

電影《護(hù)墊俠》根據(jù)真實(shí)人物傳記改編，原型是一位印度的企業(yè)家，他發(fā)明了低成本的衛(wèi)生巾生產(chǎn)機(jī)，為印度農(nóng)村的經(jīng)期衛(wèi)生觀念帶來(lái)一場(chǎng)大變革。

電影在印度上映期間，低成本衛(wèi)生巾生產(chǎn)機(jī)的創(chuàng)始人印度企業(yè)家Arunachalam Muruganantham在推特上發(fā)起了一項(xiàng)“護(hù)墊俠挑戰(zhàn)”，他說(shuō)，“沒(méi)錯(cuò)，我手里拿著的是護(hù)墊，這沒(méi)什么好羞愧的，月經(jīng)是自然的生理反應(yīng)。請(qǐng)復(fù)制粘貼這段話(huà)，向你們的朋友發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，拿起姨媽巾拍照吧!”，隨后眾多印度明星演員紛紛在推特上參與了這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，支持電影《護(hù)墊俠》。

Amar Tulsiyan, founder of Niine Movement, called Saturday’s decision ‘a big win for everyone’ in India, where, he said, 82 percent women and girls have no access to sanitary pads.

Niine運(yùn)動(dòng)團(tuán)體創(chuàng)建者阿馬爾-圖爾斯延說(shuō)，印度政府取消衛(wèi)生巾稅的消息是“屬于每個(gè)印度人的巨大勝利”。按他的說(shuō)法，印度82%的女性無(wú)法使用衛(wèi)生巾。

‘The tax exemption is a massive boost,’ he said.

他說(shuō)：“免稅舉措可謂巨大進(jìn)步。”

Many Indians celebrated the new tax exemption on social media.

許多印度人在社交媒體上慶祝新的免稅政策。

But feminine hygiene products remain out of reach for the vast majority of India's women, with millions in impoverished rural areas using rags or even sawdust, ashes and leaves instead. The lack of proper menstrual hygiene and sanitation has been linked to girls dropping out of school and lower productivity in the workplace.

但絕大多數(shù)印度婦女仍然無(wú)法獲得女性衛(wèi)生用品，數(shù)百萬(wàn)貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)的女性使用抹布甚至鋸末、灰燼和樹(shù)葉來(lái)代替。缺乏適用的經(jīng)期衛(wèi)生用品和設(shè)施與女孩輟學(xué)和工作效率低下息息相關(guān)。

According to India's National Family Health Survey, more than 40% of Indian women aged 15 to 24 do not have access to sanitary products during their period.

根據(jù)印度的全國(guó)家庭健康調(diào)查，15至24歲的印度女性中40%以上的人群在經(jīng)期無(wú)法獲得衛(wèi)生用品。

The figure was as high as 80% for some of India’s poorer central and eastern states.

而在印度貧困的中部和東部一些邦，這一比例高達(dá)80%。

India now joins Ireland, Kenya and Canada as one of the few countries where sanitary products are tax-free.

印度現(xiàn)在和愛(ài)爾蘭、肯尼亞和加拿大一樣，成為少數(shù)幾個(gè)衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)品免稅的國(guó)家。

Protests are still continuing to demand similar laws in other countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Several US lawmakers have campaigned against the so-called "tampon tax," while the "pink tax" -- where women pay more than men for similar products -- has also been slammed by activists around the world.

美國(guó)、英國(guó)和澳大利亞等國(guó)的抗議活動(dòng)仍在繼續(xù)，要求這些國(guó)家實(shí)行類(lèi)似法律。一些美國(guó)立法者開(kāi)展活動(dòng)，反對(duì)所謂的“衛(wèi)生棉稅”，而“粉紅稅”(購(gòu)買(mǎi)類(lèi)似產(chǎn)品，女性花費(fèi)更多)也受到全球活動(dòng)家的抨擊。