加強(qiáng)“困境兒童”保障

國(guó)務(wù)院日前印發(fā)《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)困境兒童保障工作的意見(jiàn)》，《意見(jiàn)》指出，為困境兒童營(yíng)造安全無(wú)虞、生活無(wú)憂、充滿關(guān)愛(ài)、健康發(fā)展的成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境，是家庭、政府和社會(huì)的共同責(zé)任。

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The central government on Thursday issued a guideline on taking better care of children who live in difficulties due to poverty, disabilities or lack of custody.

國(guó)務(wù)院周四(6月16日)發(fā)布了加強(qiáng)困境兒童的保障意見(jiàn)，這些兒童多由于貧困、殘疾或者監(jiān)護(hù)缺失而生活在困境中。

The guideline, issued by the State Council, stressed ensuring subsistence, basic medical care, schooling, custody and other forms of assistance for children in difficulty.

該意見(jiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)要保障困境兒童的生存、基本醫(yī)療、入學(xué)、監(jiān)護(hù)以及其他形式的幫扶。

困境兒童(children in difficulty/children living in difficulty)包括：

因家庭貧困導(dǎo)致生活、就醫(yī)、就學(xué)等困難的兒童(children who grow up in poverty and thus have poor access to medical treatment or education)，

因自身殘疾導(dǎo)致康復(fù)、照料、護(hù)理和社會(huì)融入等困難的兒童(children who have difficulty in receiving rehabilitation and nursing due to their disabilities)，

以及因家庭監(jiān)護(hù)缺失或監(jiān)護(hù)不當(dāng)遭受虐待、遺棄、意外傷害、不法侵害等導(dǎo)致人身安全受到威脅或侵害的兒童(children who are subject to abuse, abandonment, or accidental injuries for lack of or improper family custody)。

《意見(jiàn)》提出的保障措施除了生活保障和醫(yī)療保障以外，還提出對(duì)家庭困難的殘疾兒童，積極推進(jìn)包括義務(wù)教育、高中階段教育在內(nèi)的12年免費(fèi)教育(12-year free education for disabled children in financially challenged families)，推動(dòng)建立隨班就讀支持保障體系。對(duì)監(jiān)護(hù)缺失、監(jiān)護(hù)不力和不當(dāng)?shù)睦Ь硟和?children with no or incompetent guardians)，分類明確了替代監(jiān)護(hù)的責(zé)任主體和相應(yīng)程序，同時(shí)對(duì)缺少監(jiān)護(hù)人的服刑人員和強(qiáng)制隔離戒毒人員未成年子女(underage children of prisoners and drug addicts isolated in mandatory detoxification institutions)等做了相應(yīng)安排。