如何利用失敗成就自己

　　Failure is an inevitable part of life, but smart people know how to make it work for them.

　　失敗是生活中不可避免的一部分，但聰明的人知道如何利用它們。

　　One of the biggest roadblocks to success is the fear of failure. Fear of failure is worse than failure itself because it condemns you to a life of unrealized potential.

　　通向成功的障礙之一是害怕失敗。害怕失敗比失敗本身更可怕，因?yàn)樗l責(zé)你過(guò)著未知可能性的生活。

　　A successful response to failure is all in your approach. In a study recently published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, researchers found that success in the face of failure comes from focusing on results (what you hope to achieve), rather than trying not to fail. While it's tempting to try and avoid failure, people who do this fail far more often than those who optimistically focus on their goals.

　　對(duì)失敗最成功的回應(yīng)在于你的方法。在《實(shí)驗(yàn)社會(huì)心理學(xué)雜志》最新發(fā)表的一篇研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，勇于面對(duì)挫折的成功感來(lái)源于對(duì)結(jié)果的關(guān)注(你希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的事)，而不是盡量避免失敗。盡管每個(gè)人對(duì)于失敗都帶有一種僥幸的心理，但這么做的人往往比那些樂(lè)觀專注于自己目標(biāo)的人更容易失敗。

　　"Success is stumbling from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm." --Winston Churchill“

　　成功就是不斷失敗卻不失信心。”——溫斯頓·丘吉爾

　　This sounds rather easy and intuitive, but it's very hard to do when the consequences of failure are severe. The researchers also found that positive feedback increased people's chances of success because it fueled the same optimism you experience when focusing solely on your goals.

　　聽(tīng)起來(lái)相當(dāng)容易和直觀，但當(dāng)失敗的后果很?chē)?yán)重時(shí)就很難做到了。研究人員同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)積極的反饋提升了人們成功的機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你只關(guān)注自己的目標(biāo)時(shí)，它會(huì)加深你的樂(lè)觀感。

　　The people who make history--true innovators--take things a step further and see failure as a mere stepping stone to success. Thomas Edison is a great example. It took him 1,000 tries to develop a light bulb that actually worked. When someone asked him how it felt to fail 1,000 times, he said, "I didn't fail 1,000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1,000 steps."

　　創(chuàng)造歷史的人(真正的革新者)會(huì)更進(jìn)一步，把失敗當(dāng)做成功的墊腳石。托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生是一個(gè)很好的例子，他嘗試了1000次去發(fā)明可用的燈泡。當(dāng)有人問(wèn)他失敗1000次是什么感覺(jué)時(shí)，他回答說(shuō)，“我沒(méi)有失敗1000次，燈泡是一個(gè)經(jīng)歷了1000個(gè)步驟的發(fā)明。”

　　That attitude is what separates the successes from the failures. Thomas Edison isn't the only one. J. K. Rowling's manuscript for Harry Potter was only accepted after 12 publishers denied it, and even then she was only paid a nominal advance. Oprah Winfrey lost her job as a Baltimore news anchor for becoming too emotionally involved in her stories, a quality that became her trademark. Henry Ford lost his financial backers twice before he was able to produce a workable prototype of an automobile. The list goes on and on.

　　正是這種態(tài)度，把成功和失敗的差別分的一清二楚。托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生不是唯一一個(gè)。J.K.羅琳的《哈利·波特》原稿在被12家出版社拒絕之后才有人接受，即便是那時(shí)她只得到了名義上的預(yù)付款。因?yàn)閷?duì)于自己的故事過(guò)于情緒化，奧普拉·溫弗瑞丟了她在巴爾的摩新聞主播的工作，這個(gè)品質(zhì)后來(lái)變成了她的標(biāo)志。亨利·福特在生產(chǎn)出可行的汽車(chē)原型前兩次失去了他的金融支持者。這樣的例子不勝枚舉。

　　"If you think you can do a thing or think you can't do a thing, you're right." --Henry Ford“

　　如果你認(rèn)為自己能做一件事，那你就能做到;如果你認(rèn)為自己不能做一件事，那你就做不到。”——亨利·福特

　　So, what separates the people who let their failures derail them from those who use failure to their advantage? Some of it comes down to what you do, and the rest comes down to what you think.

　　那么，向失敗低頭的人和敢于利用失敗的人的區(qū)別是什么呢?其中一些歸因于你怎么做，另一些歸結(jié)于你怎么想。

　　The actions you take in the face of failure are critical to your ability to recover from it, and they have huge implications for how others view you and your mistakes. There are five actions you must take when you fail that will enable you to succeed in the future and allow others to see you positively in spite of your failure.

　　面對(duì)失敗時(shí)你采取的行動(dòng)對(duì)恢復(fù)能力是非常關(guān)鍵的，這些行動(dòng)也深刻影響著別人怎樣看待你以及你的錯(cuò)誤。當(dāng)你失敗時(shí)，必須要采取這五個(gè)行動(dòng)，它們能讓你在未來(lái)成功，也能讓其他人在你失敗時(shí)也積極地看待你。

　　1. Break the bad news yourself. If you've made a mistake, don't cross your fingers and hope no one will notice, because someone is going to--it's inevitable. When someone else points out your failure, that one failure turns into two. If you stay quiet, people are going to wonder why you didn't say something, and they're likely to attribute this to either cowardice or ignorance.

　　1. 自己承認(rèn)失敗。如果你犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，不要祈禱沒(méi)人注意，因?yàn)榭傆腥藭?huì)注意到，這是不可避免的。當(dāng)別人指出你的失敗時(shí)，一個(gè)失敗就變成了兩個(gè)。如果你保持沉默，人們會(huì)好奇你為什么不說(shuō)點(diǎn)什么，他們會(huì)把你的沉默歸因于懦弱或是無(wú)知。

　　2. Offer an explanation, but don't make excuses. Owning your mistakes can actually enhance your image. It shows confidence, accountability, and integrity. Just be sure to stick to the facts. "We lost the account because I missed the deadline" is a reason. "We lost the account because my dog was sick all weekend and that made me miss the deadline" is an excuse.

　　2. 給出解釋，但別找借口。承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤能大大提升你的個(gè)人形象。這展示了自信、責(zé)任以及正直。一定要堅(jiān)持事實(shí)。“我們丟了賬單，因?yàn)槲义e(cuò)過(guò)了截止日期”是原因，“我們丟了賬單，因?yàn)槲业墓氛麄€(gè)周末都在生病，所以我錯(cuò)過(guò)了截止日期”是借口。

　　3. Have a plan for fixing things. Owning up to a mistake is one thing, but you can't end it there. What you do next is critical. Instead of standing there, waiting for someone else to clean up your mess, offer your own solutions. It's even better if you can tell your boss (or whomever) the specific steps you've already taken to get things back on track.

　　3. 有解決問(wèn)題的計(jì)劃。承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤是一回事，但你不應(yīng)該就此打住。接下來(lái)的做法是非常關(guān)鍵的。與其站在那里，等別人幫你收拾爛攤子，不如自己去想解決辦法。如果你能告訴你的老板(或其他人)為了讓事情回到正軌你已經(jīng)采取了哪些具體措施就更好了。

　　4. Have a plan for prevention. In addition to having a plan for fixing things, you should also have a plan for how you'll avoid making the same mistake in the future. That's the best way to reassure people that good things will come out of your failure.

　　4. 有預(yù)防措施。除了有擺平事情的計(jì)劃，你還應(yīng)該有預(yù)防同樣事情再次發(fā)生的計(jì)劃。這是人們從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)的最好方法。

　　5. Get back on the horse. It's important that you don't let failure make you timid. That's a mindset that sucks you in and handicaps you every time you slip up. Take enough time to absorb the lessons of your failure, and as soon as you've done that, get right back out there and try again. Waiting only prolongs bad feelings and increases the chance that you'll lose your nerve.

　　5. 重新開(kāi)始。別讓失敗把自己變軟弱是非常重要的。這是一個(gè)讓你變得很糟糕的心態(tài)，并且每次跌倒時(shí)都妨礙你站起來(lái)。花足夠的時(shí)間從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)，一旦完成，立刻重新開(kāi)始并再次嘗試。等待只會(huì)延長(zhǎng)糟糕的感覺(jué)，并且增加了你失去勇氣的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　Your attitude when facing failure is just as important as the actions you take. Using failure to your advantage requires resilience and mental strength, both hallmarks of emotional intelligence. When you fail, there are three attitudes you want to maintain.

　　你面對(duì)失敗時(shí)的態(tài)度和你采取的行動(dòng)同樣重要。把失敗變成自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)需要情商的兩種特征：韌性和精神力量。當(dāng)你失敗時(shí)，有這三種態(tài)度你會(huì)想要保持。

　　1. Perspective is the most important factor in handling failure. People who are skilled at rebounding after failure are more likely to blame the failure on something they did--the wrong course of action or a specific oversight--rather than something they are. People who are bad at handling failure tend to blame failure on their laziness, lack of intelligence, or some other personal quality, which implies that they had no control over the situation. That makes them more likely to avoid future risk-taking.

　　1. 思維方式是處理失敗時(shí)最重要的因素。擅長(zhǎng)在失敗中振作起來(lái)的人習(xí)慣于把失敗歸咎于自己做過(guò)的一些事，如錯(cuò)誤的行動(dòng)或是具體的疏忽，而不是事情本身。那些不善于處理失敗的人傾向于把失敗歸因于他們的懶惰、不聰明或者其他個(gè)人原因，這暗示了他們對(duì)局面沒(méi)有掌控力。這使得他們更容易避免未來(lái)的冒險(xiǎn)行為。

　　2. Optimism is another characteristic of people who bounce back from failure. One British study of 576 serial entrepreneurs found they were much more likely to expect success than entrepreneurs who gave up after their first failure. That sense of optimism is what keeps people from feeling like failure is a permanent condition. Instead, they tend to see each failure as a building block to their ultimate success because of the learning it provides.

　　2. 樂(lè)觀是人們從失敗中振作起來(lái)的另一個(gè)重要特征。英國(guó)一份關(guān)于576名連續(xù)創(chuàng)業(yè)者的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，相比于第一次失敗就放棄的創(chuàng)業(yè)者，他們更希望獲得成功。這種樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度能讓人不把失敗當(dāng)做永遠(yuǎn)的相反，由于失敗所提供的教訓(xùn)，他們傾向于把每次失敗看作是最終成功的組成部分。

　　3. Persistence. Optimism is a feeling of positivity; persistence is what you do with it. It's optimism in action. When everybody else says, "Enough is enough" and decides to quit and go home, persistent people shake off those failures and keep going. Persistent people are special because their optimism never dies. This makes them great at rising from failure.

　　3. 堅(jiān)持不懈。樂(lè)觀是積極向上的感覺(jué)，堅(jiān)持是你做事情的方法。在行動(dòng)中保持樂(lè)觀。當(dāng)大家都說(shuō)，“夠了”并且決定放棄回家的時(shí)候，堅(jiān)持不懈的人會(huì)擺脫這些失敗繼續(xù)向前。堅(jiān)持不懈的人是特殊的，因?yàn)樗麄兊臉?lè)觀永遠(yuǎn)都在。這使得他們擅長(zhǎng)從失敗中崛起。

　　Bringing It All Together

　　綜上所述

　　Failure is a product of your perspective. What one person considers a crushing defeat another sees as a minor setback. The beauty is that you can change how you see failure so that you can use it to better yourself.

　　失敗是你個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的產(chǎn)物。一個(gè)人認(rèn)為是慘敗，另一個(gè)人可能認(rèn)為只是小挫折。美妙之處在于你可以改變對(duì)失敗的看法，以便你能利用它成就更好的自己。