VOA慢速英語:比爾蓋茨表示慈善事業(yè)需要深究與創(chuàng)新

[00:00.00]From VOA Learning English, [00:01.61]this is the Economics Report. [00:04.52]American Bill Gates is known around the world [00:08.68]as founder and former chairman of Microsoft Corporation. [00:13.97]He now serves as co-chair [00:16.93]of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. [00:20.03]The private foundation is working [00:23.65]to end deadly diseases and poverty. [00:27.00]Recently, Bill Gates spoke about the importance of philanthropy, [00:33.06]the custom of giving time and money to help other people. [00:37.82]He says philanthropy depends on innovation [00:42.12]or new ideas for best results. [00:45.57]Mr Gates spoke during a visit [00:49.67]to the American Enterprise Institute in Washington. [00:53.29]He said his philanthropic work centers on problems [00:58.74]that governments cannot solve effectively. [01:02.95]"There are things in terms of trying out social programs [01:07.02]in innovative ways that government is just [01:10.33]-- because of the way the job incentives work [01:13.89]- they are not going to try out new designs like philanthropy can, [01:19.49]and they are not going to have volunteer hours coming in [01:22.92]to leverage their resources like philanthropy can," said Gates. [01:26.24]Bill Gates said charitable giving is very important in America. [01:32.29]One example is the university system. [01:35.91]He said universities produce highly trained professionals [01:41.16]who then give financial support to universities. [01:45.37]He also said that in the United States, [01:49.72]privately funded organizations create inventions that government cannot. [01:56.46]He also spoke about the March of Dimes Foundation [02:01.26]and its campaign to end polio. [02:04.19]The foundation he said, [02:06.94]has paid for the development of two polio vaccines. [02:11.70]Medical researcher Jonas Salk developed the first vaccine, [02:17.25]Albert Sabin later created an oral vaccine. [02:22.58]At the event, Mr Gates held up one of the vaccines [02:27.15]to show how small a treatment is. [02:30.69]"This is the oral polio vaccine. [02:33.19]That's 10 doses and this thing costs $1.30, [02:37.09]so 13 cents per kid ," said Gates. [02:38.84]In 2012, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [02:42.79]gave away 3.4 billion dollars. [02:45.80]The money went to support health research, education [02:50.44]and development programs in the United States and around the world. [02:55.85]But Mr Gates noted that philanthropy [02:59.91]cannot provide the wider improvements in areas [03:03.41]such as public health, education and employment. [03:08.43]Governments he said, were designed to serve the whole population. [03:14.03]"When you want to give every child in America a good education, [03:19.74]or make sure they are not starving, [03:21.48]that's got to be [done by] government [03:23.03]because philanthropy isn't there day in [03:26.49]and day out serving the entire population. [03:29.17]It's just not of the scale or the design to do that," said Gates. [03:32.08]Philanthropy Bill Gates said, needs research and innovation [03:36.83]to seek answers to society's problems, [03:40.33]but it is government's part to work for a better society. [03:45.46]And that's the Economics Report from VOA Learning English. [03:51.06]I'm Mario Ritter.

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