VOA慢速英語:耶倫出任美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)主席

耶倫成為美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)新任主席

From VOA Learning English, this is the Economics Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)道。

The face of America's central bank has changed. The Senate has confirmed Janet Yellen to lead the board of governors of the Federal Reserve System. She will be the first woman to lead the nation's central bank in its 100-year history.

美國(guó)央行的頭號(hào)人物已經(jīng)改頭換面。美國(guó)參議院批準(zhǔn)珍妮特·耶倫(Janet Yellen)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)理事會(huì)。她將成為美國(guó)央行100年的歷史中首位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該行的女性。

Ms Yellen will replace Ben Bernanke. Mr Bernanke is widely phrased for his decisions that strengthen the economy during the worldwide financial crisis. He served two 4-year terms as the chairman of the Federal Reserve.

耶倫女士將取代本·伯南克。伯南克先生因?yàn)槠湓谌蚪鹑谖C(jī)期間強(qiáng)化美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的決策而廣受贊譽(yù)。他擔(dān)任了兩屆任期為四年的美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)主席。

President Barack Obama nominated Janet Yellen in October. He said then she would be a fierce champion for the American people. The president also said that Janet Yellen understands that the goal of financial policy is to improve the lives and jobs of workers and their families.

Janet Yellen testifies on Capitol Hill, Washington, Nov. 14, 2013.

美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬去年十月提名了耶倫。他當(dāng)時(shí)說，耶倫將成為美國(guó)人民的堅(jiān)定捍衛(wèi)者。奧巴馬還表示，耶倫懂得，財(cái)政政策的目標(biāo)是改善工人及其家屬的工作和生活。

Ms Yellen severed as vice chair of the Federal Reserve during Ben Bernanke's second term. Economists are predicting that as chairwoman, Janet Yellen will continue many of Ben Bernanke's policies. Both she and Mr Bernanke have called for a measured reduction in the Federal Reserve's efforts to keep interest rates low. The central bank has bought 85 billion dollars in securities to push money into the economy.

在伯南克的第二屆任期中，耶倫女士擔(dān)了任美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)副主席。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)作為女主席，耶倫將繼續(xù)執(zhí)行伯南克的很多政策。她和伯南克都呼吁慎重削減美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)維持低利率的措施。美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)購(gòu)買850億美元國(guó)債以向美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中注入資金。

During confirmation hearings, Democratic Senator Sherrod Brown phrased Ms Yellen's ability to identify problems in the financial system.

在任命聽證會(huì)上，民主黨參議員謝羅德·布朗(Sherrod Brown)贊揚(yáng)了耶倫女士識(shí)別金融體系問題的能力。

"In today's complex financial system, it's more important than ever that we have strong regulators like Governor Yellen, who can recognize emerging threats to economic stability, and who isn't afraid to act when they find abuses that put American consumers and workers at risk," said Brown.

布朗說，“在當(dāng)今復(fù)雜的金融體系中，擁有像耶倫這樣的強(qiáng)力管理者比以往任何時(shí)候都更重要。她能識(shí)別出對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定的緊急威脅，當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)將美國(guó)消費(fèi)者和勞動(dòng)者置于危險(xiǎn)之中的弊端時(shí)，她不懼于采取行動(dòng)。”

But some Senators have criticized Ms Yellen's support of programs to increase money in the economy. Critics say, these programs cause inflation. Republican Senator Chuck Grassley said so called "easy money" policies are bad for the country.

但一些參議員批評(píng)了耶倫女士向經(jīng)濟(jì)中注入資金的支持方案。批評(píng)者表示，這些方案會(huì)導(dǎo)致通貨膨脹。共和黨參議員查克·格拉斯利(Chuck Grassley)表示，所謂“寬松貨幣”政策對(duì)國(guó)家不利。

"We need a chairman focused on a strong dollar and low inflation. Historical evidence suggests that failing to rein in ‘easy money' policies risks fueling an economic bubble and even hyper-inflation," said Grassley.

格拉斯利表示，“我們需要一位專注于強(qiáng)勢(shì)美元和低通貨膨脹率的主席。歷史證據(jù)表明，無法控制寬松貨幣政策冒加劇經(jīng)濟(jì)泡沫甚至惡性通貨膨脹的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”

Ms Yellen has repeatedly expressed concern over labor issues, including unemployment. The rate of unemployment has fallen only to 7 percent since the end of the recession, that is well above historical averages.

耶倫女士曾多次表達(dá)對(duì)包括失業(yè)在內(nèi)的勞工問題的關(guān)注。自經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退結(jié)束后，失業(yè)率只下降到7%，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于歷史平均水平。

Economists are predicting that Janet Yellen will continue many of the policies begun by Ben Bernanke. Those policies including keep the central bank's short term interest rates close to zero.

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們預(yù)測(cè)，耶倫將繼續(xù)執(zhí)行許多始于伯南克的政策。這些政策包括保持央行短期利率接近于零。