VOA慢速英語(yǔ): 進(jìn)行大腦研究的三位科學(xué)家獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)（雙語(yǔ)）

Three Scientists Win Nobel Prize for Brain Research
進(jìn)行腦部研究的三位科學(xué)家獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)
From VOA Learning English, this is Science in the News.
這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)科學(xué)報(bào)道。
American-born British Scientist John O'Keefe and Norwegians May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser won the Nobel Prize in medicine. They discovered how the brain knows the body’s location.
出生在美國(guó)的英國(guó)科學(xué)家約翰·奧基夫、挪威的梅·布里特·莫澤和愛(ài)德華·莫澤贏得了諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了大腦是如何知道身體的位置的。
The Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute announced the prize on Monday. According to the assembly, the prize winners answered an important question about the brain: how does it draw a kind of map of the space we are in? This map helps us move through our environment.
周一，在瑞典的卡羅林斯卡研究所進(jìn)行的諾貝爾大會(huì)上，宣布了該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。根據(jù)大會(huì)內(nèi)容，該諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者們回答了一個(gè)關(guān)于我們大腦的重要問(wèn)題：大腦是如何繪制一個(gè)關(guān)于我們所處空間的地圖的？該地圖幫助我們?cè)谖覀兊闹車(chē)h(huán)境中移動(dòng)。
Professor John O'Keefe is the director of the Sainsbury Well come Center in Neural Circuits and Behavior at University College London. He discovered the mapping ability in 1971. He noticed that certain nerve cells started working in a rat's brain when it was in one part of a room. When the rat was in a different part of the room, other nerve cells were activated in another part of the brain.
教授約翰·奧基夫是英國(guó)倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院以神經(jīng)環(huán)路和行為為研究對(duì)象的塞恩斯伯里研究中心的主任。他在1971年發(fā)現(xiàn)了映射能力。他注意到到一只老鼠處于一個(gè)房間的某個(gè)部位時(shí)，該老鼠的某些神經(jīng)細(xì)胞就開(kāi)始工作。當(dāng)該老鼠在該房間的其他不同部位時(shí)，該老鼠大腦另一部分的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞則被激活。
The other winners, Edvard and May-Britt Moser, are married to each other. They have worked together since they were college students. They found another nerve cell in a rat's brain that creates a grid system. This grid connects with the mapping cells to make up the brain's positioning system.
另外的兩名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，?ài)德華和梅·布里特·莫澤是一對(duì)夫妻。自他們還是大學(xué)生時(shí)，他們就在一起工作研究。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一只老鼠大腦中的另一個(gè)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)網(wǎng)格系統(tǒng)。該網(wǎng)格和映射細(xì)胞聯(lián)系在一起，構(gòu)成大腦的定位系統(tǒng)。
Other research suggests that humans have the same kinds of brain cells.
其他研究表明，人類(lèi)有相同類(lèi)型的大腦細(xì)胞。
The Nobel panel says the discoveries have opened new ways to understand other mental activities. The work of the award winners helps us to understand more about memory, thinking and planning.
諾貝爾委員會(huì)稱(chēng)，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)開(kāi)創(chuàng)了理解其他精神活動(dòng)的新方法。獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邆兊难芯砍晒梢詭椭覀兏酶嗟睦斫獯竽X中關(guān)于記憶、思考和計(jì)劃的知識(shí)。
The award comes with a $1.1 million prize. Half goes to Professor O’Keefe. May-Britt and Edvard Moser will divide the other half.
該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)獲得者們可以獲得110萬(wàn)美元的獎(jiǎng)金，奧基夫教授獲得其中一半，愛(ài)德華夫婦將會(huì)獲得另一半。
On Tuesday, the Nobel Prize in physics will be awarded, followed by the chemistry prize on Wednesday, literature on Thursday and the Nobel Peace Prize on Friday. I’m Mario Ritter.
周二，將會(huì)頒布諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，周三是諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，周四是諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，周五是諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。我是馬里奧·里特。