VOA慢速英語：報告稱美國過去20年創(chuàng)下的高溫紀錄次數(shù)是低溫紀錄的2倍

Report: US Set Twice as Many Heat Records as Cold in Last 20 Years

報告稱美國過去20年創(chuàng)下的高溫紀錄次數(shù)是低溫紀錄的2倍

A new examination of temperatures in the United States shows that there were two times more heat records set in the past 20 years than cold ones.

對美國氣溫進行的一項調(diào)查表明，過去20年里創(chuàng)下高溫記錄的次數(shù)比低溫記錄高出了兩倍多。

The Associated Press analyzed temperature information collected by 424 weather stations across the country.

美聯(lián)社分析了全國424個氣象站收集的氣溫信息。

The analysis included temperature information from 1920 to 2008. It found that, most decades during the 20th century had close to an even ratio of hot to cold records.

這項分析包含了1920年到2008年的氣溫信息。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，20世紀期間，大部分的每個10年的冷熱記錄都比較平均。

But since 1999, 87 percent of the weather stations had more hot records than cold. And, 42 stations reported having at least five hot records for every cold one since 1999. At 11 stations, the hot-to-cold ratio during the period was 10-to-1 or greater.

但是從1999年起，87%的氣象站的高溫記錄都比低溫記錄要多。并且，自1999年以來，有42個氣象站報告的高溫記錄至少是低溫記錄的5倍。有11個氣象站在此期間的高低溫比例達到了10：1或更高。

One place with the greatest difference in hot and cold records was the Southern California city of Pasadena. It went 19 years between cold records, the analysis found. It set a low temperature record last month for the first since June 5, 1999.

高低溫記錄差異最大的地方之一是南加州的帕薩迪納市。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，該市在兩個低溫記錄之間間隔了19年。上個月，該市創(chuàng)下了1999年的6月5日以來的首次低溫記錄。

Between those two record-cold days, Pasadena set 145 hot records. That included the city's all-time heat record of 45 degrees Celsius set last year.

在這兩個低溫記錄之間，帕薩迪納市創(chuàng)下了145個高溫記錄，其中包括去年該市創(chuàng)下的45攝氏度的歷史最高記錄。

The AP says it has shared its analysis with experienced climate and data scientists. Several experts say results of the examination support earlier scientific research. And, the information provides further evidence that human-caused climate change has led to higher temperatures over the years, the experts said.

美聯(lián)社聲稱已經(jīng)向經(jīng)驗豐富的氣候和數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家分享了它的分析。有幾位專家表示，這次調(diào)查結(jié)果支持了早期的科學(xué)研究。專家們表示，這些信息進一步證明，人為引起的氣候變化導(dǎo)致多年來氣溫升高。

The use of such data is very important to identifying the long-term effects of climate change, climate scientist Deke Arndt told the Associated Press. He is the head of climate observation for the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

氣象學(xué)家德克·阿爾恩特(Deke Arndt)是美國國家海洋和大氣管理局氣候觀測方面的負責人，他對美聯(lián)社表示，使用這類數(shù)據(jù)對于確定氣候變化的長期影響來說非常重要。

Arndt noted, for example, that the first two months of 2019 showed twice as many cold records than hot ones - the exact opposite of the results in AP's analysis. However, he said such short-term differences are not as valuable as true climate trends measured over many years.

阿爾恩特舉例說，2019年頭兩個月的低溫記錄是高溫記錄的2倍，跟美聯(lián)社的分析結(jié)果完全相反。不過，他表示這種短期差異并不像多年來測量的真實氣候趨勢那樣有價值。

Arndt said the AP analysis shows the United States has been in a steady period of major warming for a long time. He added that this trend is expected to continue "to explore and break the warm end of the spectrum much more than the cold end."

阿爾恩特表示，美聯(lián)社的分析顯示，美國長期以來一直處于大變暖的穩(wěn)定時期。他補充說，預(yù)計這種趨勢會繼續(xù)“探索和打破溫度范圍的高溫端，次數(shù)會遠遠超過低溫端。”

Former Weather Channel expert Guy Walton also gave his thoughts on the findings. Walton, who has been studying hot and cold extreme records since 2000, told the AP he thinks the results show an unmistakable trend. "You are getting more extremes. Your chances for getting more dangerous extremes are going up with time," he said.

前天氣頻道專家蓋伊·沃爾頓(Guy Walton)也對調(diào)查結(jié)果發(fā)表了看法。自2000年以來一直研究極端高低溫記錄的沃爾頓對美聯(lián)社表示，他認為結(jié)果表明了明顯的趨勢。他說：“氣溫正變得更加極端。隨著時間的推移，創(chuàng)下更多危險極端溫度的可能性也在上升。”

Arndt noted that such temperature extremes could have many different effects on people's lives. These include financial effects such as increased hospital stays, higher energy usage and farm losses. A recent study involving 22 U.S. states found that each summer, about 36,000 people seek hospital treatment because of extreme heat.

阿爾恩特指出，這種極端溫度可能會對人們的生活產(chǎn)生許多不同的影響。其中包括財務(wù)影響，如住院時間的增加，能源使用量增加和農(nóng)場損失。最近一項涉及美國22個州的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每年有3.6萬人因極端高溫而尋求住院治療。

I'm Bryan Lynn.

布萊恩·琳恩報道。