VOA慢速英語:好萊塢視覺特效行業(yè)危機(jī)重重

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[00:00.00]From VOA Learning English, [00:02.56]this is the Technology Report. [00:05.27]Not everything you see in Hollywood movies is real. [00:10.48]Some of the beautiful, strange, scary images [00:15.48]might have been produced on a computer. [00:18.53]They are called visual effects. [00:22.75]They once were produced only in Hollywood, [00:26.52]but that has changed. [00:28.92]New technology makes it possible for one film [00:33.54]to include visual effects created in different countries. [00:38.46]Venkatesh Roddam is the chief executive officer [00:43.28]of Reliance MediaWorks in India. [00:46.70]"In the last five to seven years [00:48.55]is where you've seen [00:50.72]an explosion of content getting processed [00:53.34]in different parts of the world, [00:54.83]Not just India, but China, Taiwan, Korea, India; [00:58.25]these are all the markets [00:59.04]that content from Hollywood is going to," said Roddam. [01:00.45]Dave Rand is a co-founder of the Association of Digital Artists, [01:05.87]Professionals &Technicians. [01:07.98]He says that sending visual effects work overseas [01:12.15]hurts U.S. companies. [01:14.70]"I've been at 12 different visual effects companies. [01:18.50][I've] been on the staff of five, [01:20.02]all of which have gone bankrupt for one reason or another; [01:24.33]basically it's only two, [01:25.65]the way we work and the subsidy race that's driven [01:29.00]so many of them out of business," said Dave Rand. [01:30.92]Daniel Lay is the association's other founder, [01:35.12]he believes U.S. federal courts [01:38.34]should get involved in Hollywood's [01:41.24]use of visual effects made by foreign companies. [01:44.65]"The United States government [01:46.55]puts very strong anti-subsidy laws [01:48.81]that have been around for years [01:50.46]that allow for domestic industries that are being injured [01:53.83]by these international subsidies [01:55.28]to seek relief through the trade courts," Lay said. [01:57.63]Mr. Lay says he wants a tax ordered on work [02:02.09]produced outside the U.S. [02:03.69]Not surprisingly, Venkatesh Roddam of Reliance MediaWorks [02:09.59]does not agree. [02:10.92]"It's not a progressive idea. [02:13.16]You are actually artificially pumping up the cost. [02:16.23]You are limiting talent availability," said Roddam. [02:18.53]Kunal Chindarkar works in Singapore [02:22.13]for the visual effects company Double Negative. [02:25.59]He says he learns a lot working on Hollywood movies [02:29.70]with people from all over the world. [02:32.40]His co-workers at Double Nagetive include people [02:36.65]from Australia, France and the United Kingdom. [02:40.71]Venkatesh Roddam says working with Hollywood [02:45.74]improves the quality of work worldwide. [02:48.95]He says it is important for visual effects companies [02:53.45]to have a presence in the U.S. [02:55.80]"You cannot survive in this marketplace [02:58.46]without a physical presence here. [03:00.22]So from that perspective, companies like ours [03:03.03]will continue to create American jobs in America, [03:06.43]rather than actually think about how much of this work [03:09.73]is going to Canada or U.K. or India or China," said Roddam. [03:12.19]He says the visual effects industry will continue to develop. [03:16.59]He adds that those who want to stay in the business [03:20.54]will have to continue to change with it. [03:23.40]And that's the VOA Learning English Technology Report. [03:28.69]For more technology stories, go to our website chinavoa.com. [03:36.76]Give us a like on the VOA Learning English Facebook page. [03:43.43]Follow us on twitter at VOA Learning English. [03:49.53]You can also watch vedios [03:52.09]on the VOA Learning English YouTube Channel. [03:56.76]I'm Jonathan Evans.

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Hollywood's Visual Effects Industry in Crisis

好萊塢視覺特效行業(yè)危機(jī)重重

From VOA Learning English, this is the Technology Report.

這里美國之音慢速英語科技報(bào)道。

Not everything you see in Hollywood movies is real. Some of the beautiful, strange, scary images might have been produced on a computer. They are called visual effects. They once were produced only in Hollywood, but that has changed. New technology makes it possible for one film to include visual effects created in different countries.

在好萊塢電影中看到的并非都是真的。一些漂亮的，奇怪的、可怕的圖片是用電腦制作的。它們被稱為視覺效果。它們?cè)?jīng)只能在好萊塢制作，但現(xiàn)在變了。新技術(shù)使得一部電影包含在不同國家制作的視覺效果成為可能。

Venkatesh Roddam is the chief executive officer of Reliance MediaWorks in India.

文卡塔斯·羅達(dá)姆(Venkatesh Roddam)是印度信實(shí)媒體(Reliance MediaWorks)的首席執(zhí)行官。

"In the last five to seven years is where you've seen an explosion of content getting processed in different parts of the world, Not just India, but China, Taiwan, Korea, India; these are all the markets that content from Hollywood is going to," said Roddam.

他說，“過去五到七年你可以看到，在世界不同地方制作電影這種模式獲得了爆發(fā)增長，這些地方不僅是印度。但是中國，韓國和印度都是好萊塢電影將要去往的市場。”

Dave Rand is a co-founder of the Association of Digital Artists, Professionals &Technicians. He says that sending visual effects work overseas hurts U.S. companies.

戴夫·蘭德(Dave Rand)是美國數(shù)碼藝術(shù)家、專家和技術(shù)人員協(xié)會(huì)的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人。他說，將視覺特效工作送到海外去制作傷害了美國公司。

"I've been at 12 different visual effects companies. [I've] been on the staff of five, all of which have gone bankrupt for one reason or another; basically it's only two, the way we work and the subsidy race that's driven so many of them out of business," said Dave Rand.

蘭德說，“我去過12家不同的視覺特效公司，在5家工作過，這些公司都因?yàn)檫@樣那樣的原因破產(chǎn)了?；旧嫌袃蓚€(gè)原因，我們的工作方式和補(bǔ)貼競爭使得這么多公司歇業(yè)。”

Daniel Lay is the association's other founder, he believes U.S. federal courts should get involved in Hollywood's use of visual effects made by foreign companies.

丹尼爾·萊(Daniel Lay)是該協(xié)會(huì)另一位創(chuàng)始人。他認(rèn)為美國聯(lián)邦法院應(yīng)該介入到好萊塢使用外國公司制作視覺特效一事上。

"The United States government puts very strong anti-subsidy laws that have been around for years that allow for domestic industries that are being injured by these international subsidies to seek relief through the trade courts," Lay said.

萊說，“美國多年來推出了非常嚴(yán)厲的反補(bǔ)貼政策，使得被國際補(bǔ)貼傷害的國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)可以通過貿(mào)易法庭尋求幫助。”

Mr. Lay says he wants a tax ordered on work produced outside the U.S. Not surprisingly, Venkatesh Roddam of Reliance MediaWorks does not agree.

萊先生表示，他希望下令對(duì)國外制作的作品征稅。毫無奇怪，信實(shí)媒體的羅達(dá)姆對(duì)此并不認(rèn)同。

"It's not a progressive idea. You are actually artificially pumping up the cost. You are limiting talent availability," said Roddam.

羅達(dá)姆：“這不是一個(gè)進(jìn)步的想法。這實(shí)際是在人為提高成本，限制人才供應(yīng)。”

Kunal Chindarkar works in Singapore for the visual effects company Double Negative. He says he learns a lot working on Hollywood movies with people from all over the world. His co-workers at Double Nagetive include people from Australia, France and the United Kingdom.

Kunal Chindarkar就職于新加坡Double Negative特效公司。他說，在和來自世界各地的人們共同制作好萊塢電影中，他受益良多。他有些同事來自澳大利亞、法國和英國。

Venkatesh Roddam says working with Hollywood improves the quality of work worldwide. He says it is important for visual effects companies to have a presence in the U.S.

羅達(dá)姆說，同好萊塢合作提高了世界范圍內(nèi)的電影作品的質(zhì)量。他說，視覺效果公司在美國站穩(wěn)腳跟非常重要。

"You cannot survive in this marketplace without a physical presence here. So from that perspective, companies like ours will continue to create American jobs in America, rather than actually think about how much of this work is going to Canada or U.K. or India or China," said Roddam.

羅達(dá)姆：“在美國站不穩(wěn)腳跟，就沒法在在這個(gè)市場生存。所以從這個(gè)角度來看，像我們這樣的公司將繼續(xù)在美國創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，而不是去想，有多少工作要去往加拿大、英國、印度或者中國。”

He says the visual effects industry will continue to develop. He adds that those who want to stay in the business will have to continue to change with it.

他說，視覺特效行業(yè)將繼續(xù)發(fā)展。他補(bǔ)充說，想要留在這個(gè)行業(yè)，就得跟上它的發(fā)展。

And that's the VOA Learning English Technology Report. For more technology stories, go to our website chinavoa.com. Give us a like on the VOA Learning English Facebook page. Follow us on twitter at VOA Learning English. You can also watch vedios on the VOA Learning English YouTube Channel. I'm Jonathan Evans.

以上就是本期美國之音慢速英語科技報(bào)道的全部內(nèi)容，我是喬納森·埃文斯(Jonathan Evans)。