[雙語]塔拉斯2022年世界氣象日致辭

世界氣象組織秘書長佩特里·塔拉斯世界氣象日致辭

Early Warning and Early Action

早預(yù)警、早行動

Hydrometeorological and Climate information for Disaster Risk Reduction

水文氣象信息，助力防災(zāi)減災(zāi)

23 March 2022

2022年3月23日

Greetings from the World Meteorological Organization secretariat in Geneva.

請接受來自日內(nèi)瓦世界氣象組織秘書處的問候。

The top priority of WMO is to protect lives and livelihoods from weather, climate and water extremes.

WMO的首要任務(wù)是保護生命和生計免受天氣、氣候和水極端事件的影響。

Every minute of every day of the year.

每時每刻。

I am therefore very happy that the theme of World Meteorological Day 2022 is “Early Warning and Early Action.”

因此，2022年世界氣象日的主題“早預(yù)警、早行動”令我非常欣慰。

It celebrates the great achievements of national meteorological and hydrological services in improved early warning systems. It also highlights the vital work of the disaster risk reduction community in making sure that these early warnings lead to early action.

這一主題慶祝國家氣象和水文部門在改進早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)方面取得的巨大成就，同時也強調(diào)與減少災(zāi)害風(fēng)險相關(guān)的各界為確保這些早期預(yù)警觸發(fā)早期行動而開展的重要工作。

But we cannot be complacent. We face many challenges, especially in making sure that early warnings reach the last mile to the most vulnerable who need them most.

但我們不能沾沾自喜。我們面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn)，特別是要確保早期預(yù)警到達“最后一公里”，讓最需要它們的最脆弱人群得到幫助。

Climate change is already very visible through more extreme weather in all parts of the world. We are seeing more intense heatwaves and drought and forest fires. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which leads to extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the ocean fuels more powerful tropical storms and rising sea levels increase the impacts.

世界各地極端天氣頻發(fā)，氣候變化已經(jīng)非常明顯。更強烈的熱浪、干旱和森林火災(zāi)正歷歷在目。大氣中水氣增多，導(dǎo)致了極端降雨和致命洪水。海洋變暖使熱帶風(fēng)暴更為猛烈，海平面上升加劇了其影響。

We expect this negative trend to continue. Greenhouse gas concentrations are at record levels, locking in climate change to continue for decades to come, melting of glaciers and sea level rise up to centuries.

我們預(yù)計這種負(fù)面趨勢將持續(xù)下去。溫室氣體濃度處于創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的水平，氣候變化鐵定將在未來幾十年內(nèi)持續(xù)，冰川融化和海平面上升將持續(xù)幾個世紀(jì)。

In addition to climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation is a top priority. Early warning systems are a powerful way to adapt.

除了減緩氣候變化，氣候變化適應(yīng)也是重中之重。早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)是強有力的適應(yīng)手段。

Last year, WMO published a report on disaster statistics for the past 50 years. It showed that there were more than 11,000 disasters linked to weather, climate and water-related hazards, almost equal to one disaster per day. There were 2 million deaths – or 115 per day.

去年，WMO發(fā)表了一份關(guān)于過去50年間災(zāi)害統(tǒng)計的報告。報告顯示，11,000多起災(zāi)害與天氣、氣候和水有關(guān)的危害相關(guān)，幾乎相當(dāng)于每天發(fā)生一起災(zāi)害。死亡人數(shù)為200萬人，即每天115人。

The number of disasters has increased five-fold in the past 50 years. And the economic cost has soared.

在過去50年中，災(zāi)害數(shù)量增加了5倍，經(jīng)濟損失已直線上升。

But the good news is that the number of casualties has fallen dramatically. We are better than ever before at saving lives.

但好消息是，傷亡人數(shù)已大幅下降。我們在拯救生命方面比以往任何時候都更出色。

Supercomputers, satellites and advances in science have greatly increased the accuracy of our forecasts. Mobile phone alerts and weather apps can reach even remote areas.

超級計算機、衛(wèi)星和科學(xué)進步已大大提高了我們預(yù)測的準(zhǔn)確性。手機警報和天氣應(yīng)用程序甚至能夠觸及偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)。

WMO is promoting impact-based forecasting, of what the weather will be and what it will do. That is needed to enhance the preparedness and early action of various user and customer groups, who are dependent on weather.

WMO正在推動基于影響的預(yù)測，預(yù)測天氣狀況及其影響。對于依天氣行事的各種用戶和客戶群體，要加強防災(zāi)、開展早期行動，這是必需的。

But much more remains to be done. Only half of the 193 Members of WMO have multi-hazard early warning systems in place. There is also a major need to enhance the impact-based forecasting skills of a large fraction of Members.

但我們?nèi)匀沃囟肋h(yuǎn)。WMO 193個會員中，只有一半建立了多災(zāi)種預(yù)警系統(tǒng)。還有一個重大需要，那就是提高多數(shù)會員基于影響的預(yù)報技能。

There are severe gaps in weather and hydrological observing networks in Africa, some parts of Latin America and in Pacific and Caribbean island. This undermines forecasts local and globally.

非洲、拉美部分地區(qū)以及太平洋和加勒比島嶼的氣象水文觀測網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在重大空白。這削弱了地方和全球預(yù)報。

WMO has therefore created a financing mechanism known as SOFF (The Systematic Observation Financing Facility) to drive investment in the basic observing system and fill data gaps.

因此，WMO創(chuàng)建了名為SOFF（系統(tǒng)觀測融資機制）的融資機制，以推動對基本觀測系統(tǒng)的投資并填補數(shù)據(jù)空白。

WMO is an implementing partner in the Climate Risk and Early Warning Systems Initiative (CREWS), which builds resilience among vulnerable countries and communities.

WMO是“氣候風(fēng)險與預(yù)警系統(tǒng)倡議”（CREWS）的執(zhí)行伙伴，該倡議在脆弱國家和社區(qū)中構(gòu)建復(fù)原力。

WMO is spearheading a new water and climate coalition to focus more attention on water-related hazards and shortages. We have highly successful programmes and projects on tropical cyclones, coastal inundation, floods and drought.

WMO正在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個新的水與氣候聯(lián)盟，將更多的注意力集中在與水有關(guān)的危害和短缺上。在熱帶氣旋、海岸洪澇、洪水和干旱等方面，我們已有非常成功的計劃和項目。

In Geneva, we have joined forces with the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction to form a centre of excellence on climate change and disasters.

在日內(nèi)瓦，我們與“聯(lián)合國減少災(zāi)害風(fēng)險辦公室”攜手成立了一個氣候變化與災(zāi)害問題英才中心。

WMO has been developing a support mechanism to provide reliable and authoritative information to the UN humanitarian agencies to be able to optimize the humanitarian aid before and after a weather-related disaster. We are working together with financing institutions like the World Bank, European Union, UNDP, Green Climate Fund, to allocate more funding to early warning services and to ensure sustainability of the investments.

WMO一直致力于建立一個支持機制，以向聯(lián)合國人道主義機構(gòu)提供可靠、權(quán)威的信息，從而能夠在與天氣有關(guān)的災(zāi)害前后優(yōu)化人道主義援助。我們正在與世界銀行、歐盟、UNDP、綠色氣候基金等融資機構(gòu)合作，為早期預(yù)警服務(wù)劃撥更多資金，并確保投資的可持續(xù)性。

And of course, WMO is committed to the 2030 international agenda on climate action, sustainable development and disaster risk reduction.

毫無疑問，WMO致力于2030年氣候行動、可持續(xù)發(fā)展和減少災(zāi)害風(fēng)險國際議程。

WMO’s vision is that “by 2030, we see a world where all nations, especially the most vulnerable, are more resilient to the socioeconomic consequences of extreme weather, climate, water and other environmental events.

WMO的愿景是：“到2030年，我們希望看到一個這樣的世界：所有的國家，特別是最脆弱的國家，更有能力抗御極端天氣、氣候、水及其它環(huán)境事件的社會經(jīng)濟影響。”

Early warnings work. They must work for everyone. They must lead to early action.

預(yù)警發(fā)揮了作用。預(yù)警必須讓人人受益。預(yù)警必須觸發(fā)早期行動。

I wish you all a happy World Meteorological Day.

我恭祝大家世界氣象日快樂。