美國商務(wù)部長在創(chuàng)業(yè)峰會上的講話

美國商務(wù)部長在創(chuàng)業(yè)峰會上的講話

美國商務(wù)部長，美籍華人駱家輝在總統(tǒng)倡導(dǎo)的創(chuàng)業(yè)峰會上的講話。

Remarks at the Presidential Summit on Entrepreneurship by U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke Washington, D.C.

Monday, April 26, 2010

在總統(tǒng)倡導(dǎo)的創(chuàng)業(yè)峰會上的講話

美國商務(wù)部長 駱家輝

華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)

2010年4月26日 星期一

Good morning. I can’t begin to tell you how honored I am to be before such a distinguished group of entrepreneurs.

早上好。諸位都是創(chuàng)業(yè)的杰出代表，我在此發(fā)表講話，首先感到榮幸之至。

On behalf of President Obama, I want to welcome you to the Presidential Summit on Entrepreneurship.

我代表奧巴馬總統(tǒng)歡迎諸位出席總統(tǒng)倡導(dǎo)的創(chuàng)業(yè)峰會。

Last year, when President Obama detailed in Cairo his vision for this summit, he did so knowing that ties between America, Muslim-majority countries and Muslim communities around the world should be based on more than concerns about security or diplomatic issues – even though they are critical.

去年，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在開羅詳述他對這次會議的設(shè)想，他認(rèn)為美國與全世界穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家及穆斯林社區(qū)的關(guān)系應(yīng)該有更廣泛的基礎(chǔ)，不應(yīng)該僅限于安全或外交方面的問題，盡管這些問題十分重要。

This summit underscores the President’s commitment to pursuing a more comprehensive engagement based on mutual respect, mutual interest, and mutual responsibility.

這次峰會強(qiáng)調(diào)了總統(tǒng)堅持在互相尊重、共同利益和共同責(zé)任的基礎(chǔ)上尋求更全面的接觸的信念。

With us today is an incredibly diverse range of participants. You hail from over 50 countries on five continents; individuals of many religious backgrounds; and you represent the full spectrum of the entrepreneurship ecosystem.

今天在座的代表具有十分廣泛的多樣性。你們來自5大洲50多個國家；代表們具有眾多的各類宗教背景；你們代表了創(chuàng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各行各業(yè)。

Some of you are entrepreneurs, some investors. Some run companies, foundations and non-profits, while others founded them. But together you epitomize and recognize the immense and vital role that a vibrant private sector has in promoting economic opportunity, and in improving the standards and quality of life for all within each of our communities and nations.

你們中間有些人是企業(yè)家，有些是投資者。有些人經(jīng)營公司、基金會和非營利組織，另外也有些人是這些機(jī)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)始人。但是你們有共同的體現(xiàn)和認(rèn)識，說明民間部門的繁茂昌盛對于增進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會，改善我們各自社區(qū)和國家內(nèi)全體人民的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和生活質(zhì)量發(fā)揮了不可估量的重要作用。

This entrepreneurial force extends across our respective shores. It unites America and Muslim-majority countries in a shared vision of promise.

這股創(chuàng)業(yè)的力量跨越了我們各國的邊界，促使美國與全世界穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的各國攜手實現(xiàn)共同的憧憬。

Much like this event today, trade and commerce have always brought together diverse peoples in a common pursuit.

貿(mào)易和商業(yè)也與今天的會議十分相像，往往能夠促使不同背景的各國人民為了共同的目標(biāo)和衷共濟(jì)。

For thousands of years, entrepreneurs have found ways to transcend national, political, economic, physical and spiritual boundaries to create opportunity and prosperity for all.

幾千年來，企業(yè)家們尋覓各種方法，跨越民族、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、物資和精神的疆界，為所有的人創(chuàng)造機(jī)會和繁榮。

As we look at the history of Islamic civilization, we see a rich tradition of invention and innovation.

回顧伊斯蘭文明史，我們看到發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的悠久傳統(tǒng)。

The world was given coffee from Yemen; the first fountain pen from Egypt; and the first windmill from Persia.

全世界從也門得到咖啡；從埃及得到第一只自來水筆；從波斯得到第一具風(fēng)車。

It was a Muslim engineer who invented the crankshaft, which is the foundation of much of the machinery in today’s modern world.

是穆斯林的工程師，發(fā)明了曲軸，直至今天仍然在很大程度上是現(xiàn)代機(jī)械制造的根基。

For centuries, goods and services flowed east and west through the trading hubs that extended throughout your countries and regions. 幾個世紀(jì)以來，這些商品和服務(wù)通過遍布你們國家和地區(qū)的貿(mào)易集散地流向東方和西方。

Today, perhaps more than ever, international trade holds tremendous potential for improving people’s lives. And innovation and entrepreneurship in particular have the potential to be the great equalizer.

今天，國際貿(mào)易對改善人民的生活蘊(yùn)藏的巨大潛力或許是前所未有的。創(chuàng)新和創(chuàng)業(yè)精神尤其有潛力成為巨大的平衡力量。

Any man or woman with a great idea and the will to pursue it can change not only their own lives, but peoples’ lives all over the world. Just look around this room and you see almost 300 living examples of exactly that.

任何人如果有新穎的設(shè)想和堅定的意志，不論男女，不僅可以改變自己的生活，還能改變世界各地人民的生活。環(huán)顧整個會場，你會看到近300個活生生的例證。

As our world stares down an immense set of challenges, from climate change and poverty to disease and resource scarcity, we need the brightest minds from every corner of the globe looking for solutions.

從氣候變化到貧困，從疾病到資源匱乏，我們的世界目睹這些極大的挑戰(zhàn)，此時此刻我們需要全球每一個角落具有超凡才識的人們尋求解決辦法。

And today, we are honored to have some of those bright minds gathered right here in this room.

今天在座的一些人士就有過人的才識，我們感到很榮幸。

You hail from different countries and work in different industries and are addressing different social challenges, but you are united by your relentless will to succeed, even in the face of immense obstacles.

你們來自不同的國家，在不同的行業(yè)工作，應(yīng)對不同的社會挑戰(zhàn)。但你們共同具有堅韌不拔的意志，即使面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，仍堅持獲得成功。

There’s a young woman here who built a thriving tailoring business in Taliban controlled Afghanistan; a young man who launched a nonprofit to promote entrepreneurship in the Palestinian territories, and a doctor from Nigeria working to advance health among that country’s young people.

你們中間有一位年輕的女性曾在塔利班控制下的阿富汗創(chuàng)辦生意興隆的縫紉企業(yè)。有一位青年男子發(fā)起了一個非營利組織，在巴勒斯坦領(lǐng)土倡導(dǎo)創(chuàng)業(yè)。還有一位來自尼日利亞的醫(yī)生為增進(jìn)本國青年的健康而努力工作。

Also with us is the founder of a private equity firm that makes investments in natural resources and infrastructure in Indonesia and Southeast Asia, and several founders of major corporations, from courier services and airlines to telecommunications.

在座的還有在印度尼西亞和東南亞地區(qū)進(jìn)行自然資源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資的一個民間股本公司的創(chuàng)建人，還有幾位分別從事快遞服務(wù)、航空和電信等行業(yè)的大公司創(chuàng)建人。

You are different in so many ways. And yet you all share a unique and uncommon talent to bring hope and opportunity to your communities.

你們在很多方面各不相同，然而你們都共有獨特的、不同尋常的才能，為你們所在的社區(qū)帶來了希望和機(jī)會。

The challenge before us is to take the tremendous success all of you have had individually and expand it throughout the Islamic world.

現(xiàn)在，擺在我們面前的挑戰(zhàn)就是把你們局部取得的巨大成功擴(kuò)展到整個伊斯蘭世界。

There are over one billion people living in Muslim-majority countries today.

如今，有超過10億人在穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家生活。

They represent a vast reserve of under-utilized potential in the global economy – both in terms of their demand for goods and services, as well as their ability to create technological and social innovations that will drive economic growth and social development within their own countries and throughout the world.

就其對商品和服務(wù)的需求，以及他們?yōu)橥苿颖緡酥寥澜缃?jīng)濟(jì)增長和社會發(fā)展進(jìn)行技術(shù)和社會創(chuàng)新的能力而言，他們都構(gòu)成了全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中潛在能力未得到充分發(fā)揮的巨大儲備力量。

All of you are here today because of your past, present and future efforts to unleash this potential.

你們所有的人今天出席這次會議是因為你們過去、現(xiàn)在和將來為充分發(fā)揮這一潛力進(jìn)行了努力。

It is very much in America’s and the entire world’s interests that you succeed.

你們獲得成功十分符合美國乃至全世界的利益。

In the United States, we are just now emerging from the worst economic crisis many of us have ever seen.

在美國，我們剛開始擺脫很多人有生以來未曾經(jīng)歷過的最嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。

Too many Americans who want work still can’t find it; and too many people who are working can’t get enough of it.

眾多希望得到工作的美國人仍然找不到工作，還有很多有工作的人也無法感到滿意。

To replace the jobs we have already lost and to create new, better paying jobs, the Obama Administration is taking bold steps to grow our economy.

為了彌補(bǔ)我們已經(jīng)失去的工作崗位，創(chuàng)造新的報酬更高的工作崗位，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)及其政府正為促進(jìn)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長采取有魄力的步驟。

Central to these efforts is a renewed focus on international trade. The stronger the economies of the world and the more middle class in all of our nations, the more international markets there will be for each of our nations.

這些工作中的一個重要部分就是進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)國際貿(mào)易。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)越強(qiáng)大，各國的中產(chǎn)階級隊伍越壯大，每一個國家需要的國際市場就越多。

Strong and balanced international trade only works if countries have growing economies and growing middle classes that are fully engaged in the international marketplace. There needs to be people – entrepreneurs – all around the world who can take new ideas and innovations from elsewhere around the world – as well as create their own – and spur growth in their own countries.

惟有各國經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷增長，全面參與國際市場的中產(chǎn)階級隊伍日益擴(kuò)大，才會有興旺、平衡的國際貿(mào)易。全世界必須有這樣的一批人——創(chuàng)業(yè)者——既能吸取來自世界各地的新思想和新發(fā)明，又能自主創(chuàng)新，促進(jìn)本國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。

And building that capacity in Muslim-majority countries and Muslim communities is why we have all gathered here this week.

我們這個星期在這里舉行會議，目的就是為了在穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家和穆斯林社區(qū)建設(shè)這樣的能力。

So why the focus on entrepreneurs?

那么，為什么要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)業(yè)者？

Because they are the heart of all thriving economies.

因為他們在所有繁榮的經(jīng)濟(jì)體中都是核心力量。

When innovators and entrepreneurs can easily turn their ideas into businesses, jobs and economic opportunity follow closely behind.

一旦創(chuàng)新者和創(chuàng)業(yè)者可以很容易地將自己的設(shè)想轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)營的業(yè)務(wù)，工作崗位和經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會就會接踵而至。

Entrepreneurs are a powerful force for change. They improve the business climate in their own countries and champion necessary policy reforms. And they improve practices in global markets.

創(chuàng)業(yè)者是強(qiáng)大的變革力量，他們改善本國的商業(yè)環(huán)境，積極倡導(dǎo)必要的政策改革。他們還有助于改進(jìn)全球市場的實務(wù)。

Commerce, grounded in mobile telecommunications, for example, is rapidly transforming markets worldwide thanks to the work of entrepreneurs from Muslim majority countries such as Bangladesh.

例如，由于創(chuàng)業(yè)者在孟加拉國等穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家努力工作，以移動電信為基礎(chǔ)的商務(wù)活動正在全世界范圍內(nèi)迅速促進(jìn)市場的變革。

In the United States, we have always relied upon entrepreneurs to be a primary engine of our economic growth.

在美國，我們一貫依靠企業(yè)家為我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長提供主要動力。

Firms less than 5 years old – many of which are considered small businesses – have accounted for nearly ALL net new jobs in America’s private sector over the last three decades.

在過去的30年里，美國成立不到5年的公司--許多被視為小型企業(yè)--幾乎占民營部門新創(chuàng)造的全部凈就業(yè)機(jī)會。

My own biography is a testament to America’s entrepreneurial history.

我本人的經(jīng)歷就是美國企業(yè)家精神的見證。

My grandfather immigrated to America from China, initially working as a servant for a family in the capital city of Washington State, in exchange for English lessons. My father, also born in China, opened a small business in Washington State, a grocery store. I worked at that store as a student, and it was the profits from that store and the fruits of my father’s hard work that enabled me to become Governor of the state of Washington, 100 years after my grandfather landed in America, one mile from where my grandfather was a servant boy.

我祖父從中國移民到美國，最初在華盛頓州首府的一個家庭幫傭，換取學(xué)習(xí)英文的機(jī)會。我父親也出生在中國，在華盛頓州經(jīng)營小生意，開了一個雜貨店。我當(dāng)學(xué)生的時候就在鋪子里打工。正是店鋪的盈利和我父母親辛勤勞動的成果，使我在祖父第一次踏上華盛頓州首府的土地100年之后，成為華盛頓州州長，距離祖父年青時幫傭的地方僅一英里之遙。

But immigration should not be the only pathway for those seeking opportunity.

但移民對尋求機(jī)會的人來說不應(yīng)該是唯一途徑。

As much as America has benefited from the contributions of immigrants, we also respect the strong desire that citizens around the world have to see their own countries grow, develop and thrive.

美國從移民的貢獻(xiàn)中獲益匪淺，我們也尊重世界各國公民希望本國興旺、發(fā)展和繁榮的強(qiáng)烈愿望。

Entrepreneurs can change not just economies but societies. Social networking sites haven’t just spawned new companies…they have changed how people around the world interact with one another. Even before there was the Internet, there were people who mobilized communities to advance just causes – from education and healthcare to civil rights.

企業(yè)家不僅可以改變經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，而且也能改變社會面貌。社交網(wǎng)站不僅僅催生了大量新的公司......它們也改變了世界各地的人們相互往來的方式。在因特網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)之前，就有人動員社區(qū)推進(jìn)教育、保健、民權(quán)等正義事業(yè)。

And I am happy to hear that one of the regional conferences that will follow this Summit – in Iraq - will focus on social entrepreneurship.

我很高興地獲悉，這次峰會之后在伊拉克舉辦的一個區(qū)域會議將以社會創(chuàng)業(yè)為主題。

I want to be clear that the United States engages in these efforts to expand entrepreneurship in a spirit of partnership, not of patronage.

我要說明的是，美國參與倡導(dǎo)創(chuàng)業(yè)的有關(guān)努力是出于伙伴精神，而不是采取施惠的姿態(tài)。

The U.S. and American workers have much to gain from this summit, as well as other efforts to build economic cooperation between our nations.

美國和美國從業(yè)人員從這次峰會和其他發(fā)展各國經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的活動中會收到很大益處。

From brilliant scientific advances in water management and desalinization technologies, to the truly incredible success Middle Eastern telecom companies have enjoyed distributing mobile phones throughout the developing world, to the staggering growth of services and tourism in the Gulf – there is no question that Muslim communities have the capacity to nurture a thriving entrepreneurial culture.

從用水管理和海水淡化技術(shù)領(lǐng)域輝煌的科學(xué)進(jìn)步，到中東各電信公司在發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)營手機(jī)業(yè)務(wù)所取得的難以置信的成功，還有海灣國家服務(wù)和旅游事業(yè)的驚人增長，毫無疑問穆斯林社會完全有能力培育欣欣向榮的企業(yè)文化。

The challenge at this summit is to fully realize that potential by growing new businesses, industries and economic opportunity.

本次峰會面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是開拓新企業(yè)、新產(chǎn)業(yè)和新的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會，充分發(fā)揮這方面的潛力。

Over the next couple days, we’ll be holding plenary sessions to address a wide array of issues that help build entrepreneurial cultures. Among other things, we will be talking about social entrepreneurship, technology and innovation, access to capital, women and youth entrepreneurship and mentoring and networking.

今后幾天，我們將舉行全體會議，討論一系列有助于發(fā)展創(chuàng)業(yè)文化的問題。我們將探討的其他問題有社會創(chuàng)業(yè)精神、技術(shù)與創(chuàng)新、資本籌集渠道、婦女和青年創(chuàng)業(yè)、技術(shù)指導(dǎo)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)系。

We’ve got a full slate of events, and I’m confident that we’ll conclude this summit with concrete commitments to act. But I want everyone here to know that President Obama and his administration do not see this summit as a one-time event, but rather part of the process of creating a sustainable focus on entrepreneurship.

我們的日程排得很滿，但我相信，本次峰會結(jié)束的時候我們會得到采取具體行動的承諾。我想讓在座的每一個人都知道，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和他的政府并不視這次峰會為一次性活動，而是認(rèn)為這是持續(xù)強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的程序中的一個組成部分。

U.S. Embassies around the world are holding roundtables with entrepreneurs and other key stakeholders. USAID has already held several listening sessions on entrepreneurship, including in Cairo, and a virtual effort that included thousands of participants from over 150 countries.

世界各地的美國大使館正在與企業(yè)家和其他重要利益相關(guān)者舉行討論會。美國國際開發(fā)署（USAID)已經(jīng)就創(chuàng)業(yè)精神舉行了幾次聽取意見的會議，包括在開羅和一個包括來自150多個國家數(shù)以千計的人參與的網(wǎng)上現(xiàn)場活動。

And several foreign governments and NGOs have offered to host follow-on regional conferences…from Algeria to Kyrgyzstan, Bahrain to Indonesia. And I’m proud to say that the Commerce Department is deeply engaged in this challenge.

一些外國政府和非政府組織已表示愿意主辦后續(xù)區(qū)域研討會......其中有阿爾及利亞、吉爾吉斯斯坦、巴林和印度尼西亞等。我很自豪地說，商務(wù)部積極參與了這項重要工作。

This year, the Commerce Department will be leading at least five trade missions to Muslim majority countries. And we will be hosting as many as 27 reverse trade missions from Muslim majority countries. This December, I’ll be hosting a conference in Washington, D.C. to highlight opportunities for commercial engagement for American companies in the Middle East and North Africa.

今年，商務(wù)部將率領(lǐng)至少5個商貿(mào)訪問團(tuán)前往穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家，我們還將接待多達(dá)27個來自穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家的商貿(mào)訪問團(tuán)。12月，我將在華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)主持一次會議，強(qiáng)調(diào)美國公司在中東和北非進(jìn)行商業(yè)接觸的機(jī)會。

And, together with the State Department, the Commerce Department’s Commercial Law Development Program is advancing policy and legal frameworks in Muslim majority countries with the goal of advancing entrepreneurship.

此外，國務(wù)院、商務(wù)部的商務(wù)法發(fā)展項目正為穆斯林占人口大多數(shù)的國家完善政策和法律框架共同努力，目的是倡導(dǎo)創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。

This is a government-wide effort for the U.S. And you will hear from many of my colleagues about the many ways we are working to advance mutually beneficial ties between our peoples.

這是一項整個美國政府都參與的努力。各位將會聽到我的很多同事介紹我們?yōu)榇龠M(jìn)各國人民互惠互利的關(guān)系所采取的諸多做法。

This summit is a beginning, not an end.

這次峰會是一個起點，而不是終點。

And even as President Obama and his administration continue our vigorous efforts to promote entrepreneurship, we know there are limits to what we can do.

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)及本屆政府將繼續(xù)積極倡導(dǎo)創(chuàng)業(yè)精神，但我們知道我們的能力有限。

Governments have an important role to play in convening, mobilizing and facilitating. We can develop policies and incentives to spur entrepreneurship.

政府可以發(fā)揮召集、動員和促進(jìn)的重要作用。我們可以擬定政策和計劃，激發(fā)創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。

But ultimately, it is leaders like you who will build the businesses and the networks, and create the innovations that your economies and communities need in order to grow.

但歸根結(jié)底，正是你門這樣的領(lǐng)袖人物創(chuàng)建了工商業(yè)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)，實現(xiàn)了各經(jīng)濟(jì)體和社區(qū)促進(jìn)增長所需的創(chuàng)新。

You have so much to offer. And when you leave the summit tomorrow, I hope you will return to your communities with a renewed sense of purpose that you will mentor the next generation of entrepreneurs and will advocate for changes in your societies that will allow your neighbors to realize their full potential.

你們可以做出如此眾多的貢獻(xiàn)。你們明天開完峰會離開時，我希望您帶著全新的使命感回到自己的社區(qū)，培養(yǎng)下一代創(chuàng)業(yè)家，在你們生活的社會倡導(dǎo)變革，使街坊鄰里都能發(fā)揮他們的全部潛力。

Because promoting entrepreneurship is, in fact, very much about promoting our common humanity.

因為促進(jìn)創(chuàng)業(yè)精神事實上正是在倡導(dǎo)我們共同的人道。

Every time a person’s potential is deferred or squandered, whether here or abroad, it is a tragedy.

無論是在這里還是在海外，每當(dāng)一個人的潛力被貽誤或被浪費時，都是一場悲劇。

In this world, people are largely defined by their calling, by their profession. This is fundamental to the human condition – seeking a purpose, seeking meaning through work or service. When people cannot find work, when they cannot apply themselves to better their own lives or the lives of their families and community, they ache for meaning.

在這個世界上，界定一個人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)往往是其使命或職業(yè)。通過從事的工作或服務(wù)尋求目標(biāo)、找到方向，正是人類狀況的基本事實。當(dāng)人們找不到工作，無法做到為自己、為家人和為社區(qū)改善生活時，他們就渴望找到方向。

That ache is powerful… It is compelling. And in some way, your presence here is a response to that ache, to the knowledge that ambition can transform lives and transform societies, but only if it is met with opportunity.

這種渴望蘊(yùn)含強(qiáng)大的力量……且十分迫切。從某種意義上講，各位今天出席峰會正是對這種渴望的響應(yīng)，也說明雄心壯志可以改變生活、改變社會，但必須要有施展的機(jī)會。

I hope this summit can help soothe that ache in all our societies, and that our countries can find common ground in providing our people purpose and opportunities for a better life. Thank you.

我希望這次峰會有助于滿足各個社會存在的這種渴望，并希望各國都能找到共同點，努力為民眾改善生活尋求目標(biāo)和機(jī)會。謝謝各位。