托福聽力修辭題的解析

　　IBT聽力中的修辭題通常出現(xiàn)在課堂演講(lectures)部分，在2個長對話，4個課堂演講中，一般占5至6題。

　　出題形式：

　　修辭題通常都是以特殊疑問詞開頭的特殊疑問句，例如：

　　Why does the professor say this?(詢問使用了何種修辭手段)

　　A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

　　B: To elicit an answer from the students.

　　C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

　　D: To describe an imaginative situation.

　　How dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? (詢問談話人是如何創(chuàng)造了某種修辭手段的)

　　A: by comparing X to Y

　　B: by giving an example of X

　　Why does the professor say so? (節(jié)選了演講中某一帶有修辭用法的部分，讓考生回答為什么談話人用此修辭)

　　A: To point out a flaw

　　B: To repeat a point

　　C: To define an important term

　　D: To exemplify a key point

　　解題技巧：

　　1. 聽原文時即可適時判斷談話人的真實意圖，談話人某句講話修辭手法運用明顯之時，往往就是考點出現(xiàn)之處。

　　2. 熟悉常用修辭手段，如比喻(又分明喻，暗喻等)，夸張，比擬，例證，借代，反問，反復(fù)，設(shè)問等等。

　　3. 注意根據(jù)上線問和談話氣氛來綜合回答問題，不要脫離主題憑空猜測談話人的修辭意圖。

　　舉例說明：

　　Professor: Through much of the last century, America’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

　　Narrator:

　　Listen again to a part of the lecture. Then answer the question.

　　Professor: …Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

　　Why does the professor say this?

　　A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

　　B: To elicit an answer from the students.

　　C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

　　D: To describe an imaginative situation.

　　解析：

　　該題是詢問為何使用某種修辭手法。

　　從談話節(jié)選段落中我們很容易看出，教授使用的是暗喻的方法。

　　該段落大概的意思是：在上個世紀(jì)的大部分時間里，美國式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海，波瀾不驚;而今，卻如清風(fēng)拂絮，撒落人間。

　　暗喻的方式是為了形成對比，從而激起聽者的想象力，活躍課堂談話的氣氛。

　　綜上所述正確答案為C。