少兒英語順口溜：定語從句9 關(guān)系副詞

時(shí)間用when原因why,地點(diǎn)where經(jīng)常在;

定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞有三個(gè)：when, where和why，它們?cè)诙ㄕZ從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語。when指時(shí)間， where指地點(diǎn)，why表原因。例如：

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

我仍然記得我初次到北京的那天。

The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

他父親工作的那個(gè)工廠在城市的西郊。

That is the reason why I did the job.

那就是我為什么干這個(gè)活的原因。

關(guān)系副詞可替換，介詞加上關(guān)系代;

關(guān)系副詞可以由介詞加上which來替換。例如：

1)This is the house where (in which) I lived two years ago.

在這句中，where= in which

2) Do you remember the day when (on which) you joined our club?

在這句中，when= on which

3) This is the reason why (for which) he came late.

在這句中，reason= for which

關(guān)系代，關(guān)系代，that與who要除外;

挑選介詞要聰明，必看動(dòng)詞和先行;

介詞后可用關(guān)系代詞，但只能用which或whom，不能用that 和who。那么，這個(gè)介詞怎么選呢?其一，可以看定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞;其二，可以看先行詞。例如：

1) The pain from which the poor suffered in this area has attracted the attention of the public.

本句中用from 加 which, from與定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞搭配，suffer from。

2) English is a useful tool in which I can communicate with foreign friends.

本句中用in加which, 和先行詞搭配，先行詞表語言，因此用in。

聰明反被聰明誤，只因亂用關(guān)系副;

關(guān)系副，關(guān)系副，定缺主賓它不住;

它不住，它不住，關(guān)系代詞來玩酷;

關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中是做狀語的，where做地點(diǎn)狀語，when做時(shí)間狀語，why做原因狀語，但要特別注意，如果定語從句中所缺的不是狀語，而是主語、賓語或表語，就不要用關(guān)系副詞，而要用關(guān)系代詞。例如：

1) I still remember the days _____ we spent together in the mountains last summer.

先看定語從句中所缺少的句子成分，spent是及物動(dòng)詞，缺賓語，因此不能填when, 而要用關(guān)系代詞which或that。

2)This is the house ______ his grandfather once lived in.

先看定語從句中所缺少的句子成分，lived in, 明顯缺賓語，in是介詞，介詞后應(yīng)該有賓語，所以不能填where, 而要用which或that。

3)Is that the reason _______ you explained to the teacher for your being late for school?

先看定語從句中所缺少的句子成分，explain后應(yīng)該跟雙賓語，缺少一個(gè)賓語，因此不能用why, 而要用which或that。