專八人文知識需知的美國名人--瑪麗·莫爾斯·貝克·埃迪

　　Mary Morse Baker Eddy 瑪麗·莫爾斯·貝克·埃迪：(1821～1910)， 美國宗教領(lǐng)袖，美國基督教科學(xué)教派的創(chuàng)始人。

　　Mary Baker Eddy (born Mary Morse Baker July 16, 1821 –December 3, 1910) founded the Christian Science movement.She advocated Christian Science as a spiritual practical solutionto health and moral issues.[citation needed] Accomplishmentsincluded:

　　Author of the movement's text book, Science and Health withKey to the Scriptures (first copyrighted 1875)

　　Founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist, in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States (1879)

　　Spiritual teacher and lecturer

　　Established the Christian Science Publishing Society (1898) that continues to publish periodicals shestarted including:

　　The Christian Science Journal (1883)

　　The Christian Science Sentinel (1898)

　　The Herald of Christian Science (1903)

　　The Christian Science Monitor (1908)

　　She and others credit her with the ability to heal instantaneously.

　　Married three times, she took the name Mary Baker Glover from her first marriage. She was alsoknown from her third marriage as Mary Baker Glover Eddy or Mary Baker G. Eddy.

　　1866 injury, healing and study leads to Christian Science

　　After a severe fall in Lynn, Massachusetts allegedly caused a major spinal injury in February 1866,Eddy reported that she turned to Matthew 9:2[10] in the Bible and recovered unexpectedly.Although she filed a claim for money from the city of Lynn for her injury on the grounds that shewas "still suffering from the effects of that fall," she later withdrew the lawsuit.

　　She devoted the next three years of her life to Biblical study and what she considered thediscovery of Christian Science. In her autobiography, Retrospection and Introspection, Eddy writes"I then withdrew from society about three years,--to ponder my mission, to search the Scriptures,to find the Science of Mind that should take the things of God and show them to the creature, andreveal the great curative Principle, --Deity."

　　Convinced by her own study of the Bible, especially Genesis 1, and through experimentation, Eddyclaimed to have found healing power through a higher sense of God as Spirit and man as God'sspiritual "image and likeness." She became convinced that illness could be healed through anawakened thought brought about by a clearer perception of God and the explicit rejection ofdrugs, hygiene, and medicine based upon the observation that Jesus did not use these methodsfor healing:

　　It is plain that God does not employ drugs or hygiene, nor provide them for human use; else Jesuswould have recommended and employed them in his healing. … The tender word and Christianencouragement of an invalid, pitiful patience with his fears and the removal of them, are betterthan hecatombs of gushing theories, stereotyped borrowed speeches, and the doling ofarguments, which are but so many parodies on legitimate Christian Science, aflame with divineLove. (Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures, 143:5, 155:15)

　　She eventually called this spiritual perception the operation of the Christ Truth on humanconsciousness.

　　Claiming to have first healed herself and then others, and having learned from these experiences,Eddy felt anyone could perceive what she called "the Kingdom of Heaven" or spiritual reality onearth. For her, this healing method was based on scientific principles and could be taught to others.This positive rule of healing, she taught, resulted from a new understanding of God as infinite Spiritbeyond the limitations of the material senses.

　　At this time no one knows how much, or even if, Eddy influenced the great social and politicalmovements of her day including abolition, the Wellness health movement and the women'ssuffrage movement.

　　Legacy:

　　In 1921, on the 100th anniversary of Eddy's birth, a 100-ton (in rough) and 60-70 tons (hewn),eleven-foot square granite pyramid was dedicated on the site of her birthplace in Bow, NewHampshire. A gift from James F Lord, it was later dynamited in 1962 by order of the church'sboard of directors. Also demolished was Eddy's former home in Pleasant View, as the board fearedthat it was becoming a place of pilgrimage.Although Eddy allowed personal praise in her lifetime forvarious reasons, including for publicity and fundraising, the church shuns both the cult ofpersonality and religious reliquaries.