美語訓(xùn)練班 044
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A: 大家好! 我是楊林, 歡迎來到美語訓(xùn)練班!
B：我是Kat.
A: Kat,上次我不在，聽說是你介紹的節(jié)目內(nèi)容？
B: 對??！
A: 那今天還你來吧！
B：好! 今天，咱們要去美國大學(xué)的籃球聯(lián)賽， 吃頓全素席，要聊聊怎么戒賭，還要告訴大家用美語怎么說“虎媽”。
A: 不過在節(jié)目一開始，咱們先來學(xué)個詞兒!
Learn A Word #1454 long-standing
今天我們要學(xué)的詞是long-standing. Long-standing is spelled l-o-n-g-s-t-a-n-d-i-n-g, long-standing. Long-standing 形容詞，意思是長期存在的。Former South African president Nelson Mandela has been released from the hospital after a surgical procedure for a long-standing abdominal condition. 南非前總統(tǒng)曼德拉由于長期腹痛接受手術(shù)后出院。在英國城市普利茅斯, With over 66% of the adult population overweight, obesity continues to be a long-standing health issue for Plymouth. 普利茅斯66％的成年人口超重，肥胖問題是這個城市長期面臨的健康問題。好的，今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的詞是 long-standing, long-standing, long-standing.
A: 我有個朋友，最近就解決了個long-standing issue，長期以來一直存在的問題。
B: What's the issue?
A: 學(xué)歷問題！他這個人工作能力強(qiáng)，人緣也好，就是學(xué)歷低，所以在公司升不上去，現(xiàn)在好了，學(xué)歷拿到了，前途光明了。
B: Good for him! I hope he didn't get his degree from one of the schools that we call "degree mills."
A: Degree mills? 學(xué)歷磨坊？
B: That's right. It's the kind of school that churns out graduates as fast as possible without really paying attention to the quality of their education.
A：哦，你說的就是“文憑工廠”！而且你還用到了一個習(xí)慣用語：churn out, 咱們現(xiàn)在就來聽聽這個短語的用法。
Words and Idioms #957
現(xiàn)在播送<美國習(xí)慣用語>第 957講。我是楊琳。
M：我是 Douglas Johnson.
女: 昨天我去書店買書，看到浪漫小說那里多出了一大排，看起來是相同作者寫的一系列叢書。我隨便翻了兩三本，發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容大同小異，情節(jié)也沒有什么特別吸引人的地方。這讓我想到一句習(xí)慣用語，那就是：
M：Churn out. Churn is spelled c-h-u-r-n, and out; o-u-t. Churn out.
Churn 作為動詞，本身有大量生產(chǎn)的意思。加上out，這個短語的意思就是ǒ不顧質(zhì)量地粗糙生產(chǎn)；大量炮制ō。就像上面的例子中，這些浪漫小說內(nèi)容相差不多，而且一本接著一本地上市。這讓我覺得這些書質(zhì)量不高，完全是為了賺錢而批量生產(chǎn)。下面這個例子里的旅行者可不一樣，讓我們來聽聽他是如何選擇紀(jì)念品的:
M: "When I travel to a country I'm always looking for a souvenir to take back home with me. Many times, I try to find a local artisan who produces something unique. I don't want some factory-produced trinket. Why would I care for what's been CHURNED OUT by the millions?"
[這段話是說: 每次我去國外旅行的時候，我都會尋找特別的紀(jì)念品帶回家。很多時候，我會找一名當(dāng)?shù)氐慕橙耍屗谱饕恍┨貏e的東西。我不想要那些工廠生產(chǎn)的小紀(jì)念品，那種成千上萬一模一樣的東西完全不吸引我。]
說起TRINKET，我的朋友經(jīng)常帶給我這種東西，像鑰匙鏈，冰箱貼之類的。但其實(shí)我跟上面例子中的人觀點(diǎn)一樣，I would much prefer a good story than something churned out by the millions. 相比起那些批量生產(chǎn)的紀(jì)念品，我更想聽一個好故事。好了，讓我們再來聽聽剛才那段話:
M: "When I travel to a country I'm always looking for a souvenir to take back home with me. Many times, I try to find a local artisan who produces something unique. I don't want some factory-produced trinket. Why would I care for what's been CHURNED OUT by the millions?"
我的小侄女最近正在研究要申請哪所大學(xué)。選擇非常多，她該選擇一所有名氣的大學(xué)，還是離家近的? 是在城市，還是在郊區(qū)?是私人大學(xué)，還是公立大學(xué)? 需要考慮的因素很多。下面例子里談到了一所大學(xué)，讓我們來聽聽看:
M: "It's true that Acme University is less expensive than many other schools. And it offers classes on-line and at several campuses throughout the country. But the instruction it provides isn't very high-quality. It seems more concerned with CHURNING OUT as many graduates as possible each year. "
[這段話是說: 與其他大學(xué)相比，Acme大學(xué)的學(xué)費(fèi)確實(shí)不高。它還提供網(wǎng)上課程，而且全國各地有很多校區(qū)。但是這所大學(xué)的教學(xué)質(zhì)量可不高，而是更在乎每年ǒ炮制ō出盡量多的畢業(yè)生。]
我絕對不相信這種快速教育能教出優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生。這也讓我想到我妹妹的婚禮策劃師。我看過他的很多作品，可是看起來新人的裝束，花束的選擇，還有婚禮流程，全都一模一樣! He seems to be churning out wedding ceremonies like a factory makes widgets. 他策劃婚禮就像工廠生產(chǎn)零件一樣，大量炮制。好的，我們再來聽聽剛才那段話:
M: "It's true that Acme University is less expensive than many other schools. And it offers classes on-line and at several campuses throughout the country. But the instruction it provides isn't very high-quality. It seems more concerned with CHURNING OUT as many graduates as possible each year. "
今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣用語是CHURN OUT，意思是ǒ不顧質(zhì)量地大量炮制ō。好的，這次[美國習(xí)慣用語]就到此結(jié)束，我是楊琳，我是 Douglas Johnson。謝謝各位的收聽。
A: Kat, 我剛才提到的那個朋友可不是在文憑工廠混的學(xué)歷，人家是到全美排名前5的名校讀的！
B：Hmm, I'm not really obsessed with top schools. I think most rankings are skewed one way or anotherr.
A: I agree. Ranking is not as important as some people think it is. 不過我這個觀點(diǎn)好多父母就不贊同，就拿我媽來說，從我剛上小學(xué)開始，她就一直跟我說，以后一定要考上名牌大學(xué)，還要當(dāng)全班第一。
B: Sounds like you have a demanding mom--虎媽！
A: 可不是么！正好，今天咱們的美語怎么說就要教這個詞兒!
Jessica 在北京學(xué)中文，她的中國朋友要是遇到了不知道用美語怎么說的詞，就會來請教她。今天是吳瓊要問的：虎媽。
Jessica：Hey 吳瓊！你怎么看起來無精打采的！怎么啦？
WQ: 別提了。還不是我男朋友，他什么都告訴他媽媽，連我們吵架都說，我真是受不了了，簡直就是個沒長大的孩子嘛！
Jessica: Oh yeah, mama's boy can be hard to deal with.
WQ: Wait a second...你說，mama's boy?
Jessica: Yep. Mama's boy is used to describe a guy who is excessively attached to his mother.
WQ: 哦，就是什么都要聽媽媽的話的那種男生！簡直就是我男朋友的寫照嘛...Mama's boy! 那，什么都聽父母話的女生要怎么說？
Jessica: We call that kind of girl Daddy's little girl. 爸爸的小女兒。
WQ: Mama's boy, Daddy's little girl, 真形象！其實(shí)我覺得，孩子有這種依賴性，家長也有責(zé)任！
Jessica: Yep. I've seen some helicopter parents. They are pretty scary.
WQ: Helicopter parents?直升機(jī)家長？
Jessica: That's right. Helicopter parents refer to those who always hover over their children even when they've already grown up. 就是對孩子過度保護(hù)的家長。
WQ: 哦！helicopter parents 直升機(jī)家長，是說家長像直升機(jī)一樣一直在你頭頂上嗡嗡嗡地盤旋！對了，前段時間還出了個ǒ虎媽ō，你記得嗎！虎媽要怎么說？
Jessica: Of course. 虎媽 is called Tiger Mom.
WQ: 哈哈，對，現(xiàn)在大家都管這種對子女管教特別嚴(yán)厲的媽媽叫做 tiger mom 虎媽！Thank goodness! My mom is not a tiger mom!
Jessica: Good for you! 好，現(xiàn)在看看你今天都學(xué)了什么吧！
WQ: 第一，形容對家長嚴(yán)重依賴的孩子，男孩可以用 mama's boy, 乖乖女可以叫 daddy's little girl;
第二，過份關(guān)心孩子的直升機(jī)父母是 helicopter parents;
第三，管教嚴(yán)厲的母親，叫 tiger mom!
這次的"美語怎么說"就到這里了。如果你也有不會說的詞，請寫信給Jessica, 電郵請寄[email protected]
A: I don't want to date a mama's boy, 他們太不獨(dú)立了！不過，I, on the other hand, want to be daddy's little girl, 希望能永遠(yuǎn)被人寵著!
B: ?。磕氵@是不是叫“寬以律己，嚴(yán)以待人”？
A: 嘿！你最近中文進(jìn)步不少啊，Kat!
B: Thanks! Okay, daddy's little girl, do you think you can cook for your boyfriend if he wants a homemade meal?
A: 你可問著了，別的不行，做飯我在行?。〗o男朋友做頓愛心晚餐，不在話下！
B: Really? I'd have to see it to believe it.
A：你不信？哪天我給你露一手。不過說到女友下廚做飯，今天的美語三級跳講的就是這個!
GoEnglish
Food: Advanced
大家好！今天我們?yōu)槟コ雳勒Z三級跳ō節(jié)目ǒ食物ō單元的高級課程。
Professor: Today Robert is going over to Liz and Doug's apartment for dinner party, but he is about to find out that his tastes in food are very different from theirs.
Robert: Hey Doug! Hey Liz! Thank you so much for inviting me over for dinner.
Liz: Oh, it's our pleasure! We haven't had company in a long time so we're really excited you could make it. Hey, what's that dish you brought?
Robert: Well, Doug told me we were going to have a potluck dinner, so I cooked up some of my famous steak and brought it over. I hope you like it.
Liz: Oh my gosh Doug! He brought a dead animal into our house! What are we going to do?
Robert: Uh .... Doug? What's the problem? Doesn't Liz like steak?
Doug: Jeez.... I totally forgot to tell you. Liz is a vegetarian because she thinks eating meat is like murdering animals. Don't worry honey, tomorrow I'll take the steak outside and bury it.
原來Liz是個vegetarian--素食主義者，覺得吃肉就是謀殺動物。難怪她看到Robert帶牛排來那么生氣。
Professor: Exactly, Winnie. And did you hear Liz talk about "having company"? When you have company, that means you invite guests over to your house. For example, "I can't go to the movies on Friday night because I'm having company."
哦，have company 就是ǒ有客人在ō的意思。對了，professor, potluck dinner 是什么意思？
Professor: At some dinner parties the host prepares all the food for the guests. But at a potluck dinner, all the guests each bring a dish to share with the other guests.
我明白了，potluck dinner就是客人都自己帶菜，大家一起吃的聚餐。
Doug: Don't worry Robert! Even though we can't eat the steak, we've got lots of other good stuff to eat. Come and sit down at the table.
Robert: Great! I'm starving. What are we having?
Liz: I really hope you like it! I've prepared a three-course meal for you. For our appetizer we're having carrots, for the entree we're having chicken, and for the desert we're having chocolate cake.
Robert: Well that sounds great .... but did you say we're having chicken for the main course? I thought you didn't eat meat!
Liz: Oh don't be ridiculous! It's not real chicken. It's fake chicken, made from tofu.
Robert: Doug, did she say we're having fake chicken made from tofu?
Doug: That's right. Trust me, it sounds pretty weird, but I'm sure you're going to love it.
Professor Bowman, 什么叫 three-course meal?
Professor: When you go to dinner in America, each dish is served one after another. Each dish is called a "course," so if there is a three-course meal, that means three dishes are being served and they are "appetizer", "entree", and "desert".
哦，原來這就是由ǒ頭臺ōǒ主菜ō和ǒ甜點(diǎn)ō這三道菜組成的大餐。對了， Liz還說，主菜是豆腐做的素雞，這個菜可不好做!
Professor: Well now they have finished eating, so let's see what Robert thought.
Liz: So Robert, how did you enjoy your meal? It looks like you barely touched any of your chicken.
Robert: It was ... umm .... interesting. It's just that I'm not feeling so well. I think tofu chicken might be an acquired taste.
Doug: Believe me buddy, that's what I said when I first had it. But I'm telling you, once you get used to it you'll never go back to eating real chicken.
Liz: You know Doug, if tofu chicken really is an acquired taste, we should just put the leftovers in a doggie bag to give to Robert to take home. Then he can keep eating it all week!
Professor, 什么叫acquired taste?
Prof: It means a preference that is only acquired after considerable experience.
我明白了，acquired taste 就是慢慢培養(yǎng)出來的愛好。
哈，Robert 客氣地說，吃素雞是 acquired taste，其實(shí)就是表示自己不愛吃這道菜。
Prof: That's right! But Liz offers to let him take the leftovers home so he would fall in love with it someday!
A: 怪不得這家很久沒人來做客了，東西那么難吃，客人都被嚇跑了！
B: So Yanglin, would I be in the same boat as Robert if I visited your place and tried your cooking?
A: 什么？你是說我做的飯和Liz做的東西一樣難吃，你會像Robert一樣可憐？
B：Haha, I'm just teasing you.
A: 哼，哪天讓你試試我的手藝，保準(zhǔn)你心服口服！
B：I look forward to that!
A：言歸正傳，咱們來聽今天的business etiquette.
禮節(jié)美語---BE-230 Gambling II
Patricia和同事Kelly要去澳門出差，準(zhǔn)備去賭場試試手氣。另一個同事John提到，自己有個朋友嗜賭成性，傾家蕩產(chǎn)。Patricia問：
P: So what happened to Joe? How is he holding up?
J: Joe is in Gamblers Anonymous right now. He sent me an e-mail the other day and he says he's doing better...but recovering from any addiction is a long process.
K: What's Gamblers Anonymous?
P: Have you ever heard of Alcoholics Anonymous or AA?
K: Not really.
J: Alcoholics Anonymous is an organization that tries to help people with alcohol problems overcome their addiction. Gamblers Anonymous does the same thing for gamblers.
K: I see, so it's sort of like rehab.
Patricia問起Joe近況。John說，Joe現(xiàn)在加入了Gamblers Anonymous嗜賭者互誡協(xié)會。Gamblers Anonymous跟Alcoholic Anonymous嗜酒者互誡協(xié)會差不多，是幫助賭徒戒賭的組織。在英語里，有某件事情上癮可以用problem這個字，比如，He has a drinking problem. 他酗酒成性。He has a gambling problem. 他賭博成性。因此說，嗜賭者互誡協(xié)會差不多就是一種戒賭組織，it's like a rehab. Rehab is spelled r-e-h-a-b, rehab 是戒毒，戒賭中心的意思。 John 接著說：
J: That's right. Gamblers Anonymous offers a support system to gamblers who have a problem.
K: Well, I hope your friend gets better soon. So....what casino games do you usually play?
P: I've always liked card games....poker, especially. I don't like slot machines because I don't think there are any skills involved.
J: I like poker and all kinds of table games, but my favorite is Blackjack. Blackjack is a nice mix of skill and luck.
嗜賭互誡協(xié)會為賭博上癮的人提供了一個 support system 相互支持的系統(tǒng)。話說到這，Kelly問Patricia和John去賭場一般都玩些什么。Patricia說自己一般都是玩card games玩牌，不喜歡拉老虎機(jī)slot machines, 因?yàn)樗X得老虎機(jī)完全憑運(yùn)氣，一點(diǎn)技術(shù)含量也沒有。John說，凡是table games他都喜歡玩。在賭場里，table games除了撲克牌以外，還包括 craps輪盤骰子和羅萊特 Roulette等。John還說，但是他最愛玩的還是Blackjack, 21點(diǎn)。
K: I think I might be able to enjoy a game or two of Poker or Blackjack. Do you think I'll get addicted?
P: Kelly, I've known you for a few years and you have excellent self-control. I don't think you'll have a problem controlling yourself.
J: Besides, you only get to go to Macau once in a blue moon. What I suggest is you set yourself a reasonable budget of money that you can afford to lose. Don't go beyond that limit.
P: A little bit of legal gambling can be a lot of fun...but we have to know when to call it a night.
K: All right. You're on! Let's hit the casinos on Friday night.
Kelly 擔(dān)心自己賭錢上癮 get addicted. John建議她給自己設(shè)定一個合理的限度，set yourself a reasonable budget that you can afford to lose. 給自己定個輸?shù)闷鸬念A(yù)算，不要超過那個限度。John還說，況且，You only get to go to Macau once in a blue moon. 去澳門的機(jī)會少之又少，once in a blue moon 是非常罕見的意思。Patricia 也說，we know when to call it a night. 我們知道什么時候該打住。Kelly 在兩人說服下，最后說，You're on. Let's hit the casinos on Friday night. 星期五去賭場，我們就這么說定了。
A: Wow, 賭場里的名堂還真多，不過像我這種初級水平的，也就是拉拉老虎機(jī)。
B: Be careful! People can get addicted even when they're just playing slot machines.
A: 所以說少賭為妙，而且得知道When to call it a night──什么時候收手。好啦，下面咱們?nèi)ミ\(yùn)動運(yùn)動，聽聽體育美語吧！
ASE March Madness
Y: 我是楊晨。
P: 我是 Patrick. Are you ready for March Madness?
Y: Yes, I am! And you?
P: I'm ready too.
Y: 你得解釋一下什么是March Madness，三月瘋狂。
P: Our audiences might not know, March Madness is when all of America watches a huge, 65-team men's college basketball tournament that takes place in the month of March every year. It's madness!
Y: 一到了三月瘋狂，幾乎所有美國人都要看這65個隊(duì)的大學(xué)生籃球聯(lián)賽。很多人說比NBA還好看呢！
P: The most fun to watch are the Sweet Sixteen, Elite Eight, Final Four, and finally ? the championship.
Y:Sweet Sixteen 甜蜜的16歲？
P: No. It's the final sixteen teams that are left in the tournament.
Y: 這里的Sweet Sixteen應(yīng)該是甜蜜的16隊(duì)，也就是剩下的最后16支隊(duì)伍；Elite Eight是精英八強(qiáng)；Final Four最后四強(qiáng)；當(dāng)然還有the championship，最后兩個隊(duì)爭奪冠軍?，F(xiàn)在全美國都陷入了March Madness，我想那些在校大學(xué)生一定更瘋狂了。
P: When I was in college, my team made it/advanced to the Sweet Sixteen. We played the University of Kentucky, but we lost because of our poor shooting and because of Kentucky's strong defense.
Y:自己是poor shooting，投籃不準(zhǔn)，而對方有strong defense，強(qiáng)勁的防守。那還打什么球??？哈哈哈。
P: Well. Looks like someone has a case of March Madness.
It's March Madness, baby!
A: 現(xiàn)在就是三月，March Madness 就要開始！能在電視上看那些又年輕又帥的大學(xué)男生灌籃，太過眼癮了！
B: Let's have a March Madness party at my place!
A: Good idea! It's gonna be a lot of fun! 好了, 這次節(jié)目時間到了。這次的撰稿人是小北，編輯是蔚然。同學(xué)們，我們下次再見！
B：See you !
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