雅思閱讀備考：缺覺對大腦的損害等于頭部受重?fù)?/h1>

所屬教程:雅思閱讀

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2018年01月12日

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掃描二維碼方便學(xué)習(xí)和分享

Ever feel like you’ve been hit on the head after a bad night’s sleep? According to scientists, the thought isn’t as far-fetched as it seems.

如果晚上沒睡好，第二天會不會有種撞過頭的感覺?據(jù)科學(xué)家研究，這種想法和實際情況相差不遠(yuǎn)。

A study found going without sleep for just one night causes changes in the brain similar to those that occur after a blow to the head.

一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使只通宵一晚，對大腦造成的損傷足以抵得上對頭部的一次重?fù)簟?/p>

The researchers said the healthy young men examined in the study showed a spike in the same chemicals which indicate brain damage.

研究人員說，研究中接受檢查的健康年輕人顯示出一種會導(dǎo)致腦損傷的化學(xué)物質(zhì)劇增。

Professor Christian Benedict, of Uppsala University, Sweden, explained that the chemcials NSE and S-100B are biomarkers for brain damage, such as concussion.

瑞典烏普薩拉大學(xué)克里斯蒂安·本尼迪克特教授解釋說，化學(xué)物質(zhì)NSE和S-100B是腦損傷(比如腦震蕩)的生物標(biāo)記。

He said: ‘What we found was their levels in the blood rose in the group that went without sleep for a night. This was not to the extent that would happen after a head injury, for instance, but it was still significant.

他說：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的是在一晚沒睡的人群中，NSE和S-100B在血液中含量上升了。這雖然還不到一次頭部外傷的程度，不過也很值得注意了。”

‘During sleep, the brain cleans itself of toxic substances and NSE and S-100B increase in response to these substances.’

“大腦通過睡眠來清除自身的有毒物質(zhì)，NSE和S-100B則對這些物質(zhì)做出反應(yīng)”。

He said the findings back up previous research showing how the brain uses sleep to cleanse itself.

他說這項研究支持了之前的研究結(jié)果，即大腦怎樣用睡眠來自我凈化。

Professor Benedict also said his study could support previous studies which linked a lack of sleep with increased risk of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and multiple sclerosis.

本尼迪克特教授還說，他的研究可以支持之前的研究，睡眠不足和阿茲海默、帕金森以及多發(fā)性硬化風(fēng)險上升有關(guān)。

The rise of the chemicals in the blood after sleep loss may suggest not getting enough sleep is conducive to a loss of brain tissue, he explained.

他解釋說，血液中的這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)在睡眠缺乏后上升，暗示缺覺會導(dǎo)致腦組織損傷。

Professor Benedict, whose study is published in the journal Sleep, added: ‘In conclusion, the findings of our trial indicate a good night’s sleep may be critical for maintaining brain health.’

本尼迪克特教授的研究已經(jīng)在雜志《睡眠》上發(fā)表，他補充說：“總之，我們的實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，一夜好眠對維持大腦健康來說是非常重要的。”

A third of the UK population suffer from sleep-related problems, while the average person now sleeps for only seven hours a night, compared with almost nine a few decades ago.

英國三分之一人口有睡眠問題，現(xiàn)代人每晚平均睡眠時間是七個小時，而幾十年前，差不多是九小時。

Many scientists believe irregular sleeping patterns lead to illnesses ranging from aches and pains to heart disease, while less than eight hours’ sleep a night can lower the IQ the next day.

一些科學(xué)家相信，不規(guī)律的睡眠可導(dǎo)致從頭疼到心臟病等的各種疾病，不到八小時的睡眠會降低第二天的智商。