都說興趣是最好的老師,遺憾的是,不是所有人都能隨心所欲地只接觸自己感興趣的領域,我們總是免不了要面對一些自己并不怎么感興趣的事情。那么,怎樣專注于自己不感興趣的領域呢?
身為典型的“數(shù)學恐懼癥患者”(prototypical mathphobe,注:phobe是名詞,意思是“恐懼”)卻最終成為一名工程學教授的作者給了我們一些思路。
原文
The young version of me would have been shocked to learn that I would eventually become a professor of engineering, enchanted with mathematics and comfortable in the world of technology. As I’ve discovered from both personal experience and research, it is possible to learn to like — even to grow to love — subject areas that look boring or that you once loathed. In today’s fast-changing business environment, the ability to develop new passions is particularly important.
年輕時的我如果知道自己最終會成為一名工程學教授,癡迷數(shù)學,在科技世界里如魚得水,一定會很吃驚。正如我從自己的個人經(jīng)歷和研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣,我們完全可能學會去喜歡——甚至慢慢愛上---那些看起來很無聊或是你曾經(jīng)痛恨的領域。在今天這個瞬息萬變的商業(yè)環(huán)境下,培養(yǎng)新的熱情的能力尤為重要。
eventually 最終;最后
be enchanted with 癡迷,為…而陶醉
loathe 憎恨
這位工程師教授提供了一些方法。
02.第一、首先要有動機
原文
Find a seed of motivation. The first step in building passion for a subject you don’t like is to identify a reason to learn it. One of the best motivators is wishing to make an improvement in your life. Wanting a lifestyle upgrade allows you to make a mental contrast between where you are now (say, in a job as an office assistant) and where you want to be (say, a certified public accountant).
找到動力的種子。培養(yǎng)一個你不喜歡的學科的激情的第一步是找出一個學習它的理由。最好的動力之一是希望自己的生活得到改進。想要一種生活方式的升級,這使得我們在當前的處境(比如在辦公室當助理)和想要的狀態(tài)(比如注冊會計師)之間進行心理對比。
motivation 動機;動力
identify 識別;找到
accountant 會計師
03.第二、別怕苦,別拖延
原文
Overcome the pain in the brain. When we even think about something we don’t like or want, it can activate a portion of the brain — the bilateral dorsal posterior insula — that is involved in our experience of pain. This means, for example, that thinking about math if you don’t like math (or studying English if you don’t like English) can actually feel physically painful. The result can be that your brain diverts your attention away from whatever sparked the pain. In other words, you procrastinate.
克服腦中的疼痛。當我們想到一些我們不喜歡或不想要的東西時,它可以激活大腦中的一部分——雙側(cè)背后腦島,這與我們的痛苦經(jīng)歷有關。這意味著,如果你不喜歡數(shù)學(或者不喜歡英語的情況下學習英語),那么思考數(shù)學就會讓人感到身體上的疼痛。結(jié)果可能是,你的大腦將把你的注意力從任何能引發(fā)疼痛的事物上轉(zhuǎn)移。換句話說,你就開始拖延了。
activate v. 刺激,激活
spark 引發(fā)
divert one’s attention away from sth. 將注意力從…中轉(zhuǎn)移
procrastinate v. 拖延,耽擱
而克服拖延癥(overcome procrastination)的方法是什么呢?
作者提到了Francesco Cirillo提出的番茄工作法(Pomodoro technique),具體步驟是:
1. Turn off all distractions 屏蔽所有的干擾項目
2. Set a timer for 25 minutes. 將計時器設置為25分鐘
3. Focus intently for those 25 minutes. 在這25分鐘內(nèi)全神貫注
4. Reward yourself for at least five minutes when you’re done (music, talking with a friend, getting coffee). 結(jié)束后獎勵自己至少五分鐘的時間(聽音樂、和朋友交談、喝一杯咖啡等)
04.五分鐘的休息時間也是至關重要的
原文
Those little breaks help the brain consolidate material, which would have allowed me to build my understanding while minimizing frustration.
這些片刻的休息時間幫助大腦鞏固掌握的材料,這使得我建立起理解能力,最大程度地減少沮喪感。
consolidate v. 鞏固
minimize v. 使…最小化
05.第三、別被挫折打倒
原文
Realize it’s perfectly normal to not understand something on your first try. People often don’t realize that the brain has two quite different ways of experiencing the world. The first one occurs while focusing on a topic, which activates what psychologists call task-positive networks. The second way occurs when we’re not focusing on anything in particular. Most people need to go back and forth between focused and diffuse modes in order to learn a topic. When you can’t solve something in the first focus, you’re not stupid — you just need to allow time to toggle to the diffuse mode. This second mode gives your brain a chance to consolidate and consider the material from a different perspective.
我們要意識到在第一次嘗試中不理解某事是完全正常的。人們通常沒有意識到大腦有兩種完全不同的體驗世界的方式。第一種發(fā)生在關注一個話題的時候,這激活了心理學家稱之為“任務積極網(wǎng)絡”的模式。第二種發(fā)生在我們沒有專注于任何特定事物的時候。為了解一個話題,大多數(shù)人需要在集中和分散兩種模式間來回切換。當你不能在第一個模式解決問題時,你并非愚蠢——你只需要時間切換到分散模式。第二種模式讓你的大腦有機會從不同的角度來鞏固和考慮材料。
toggle to 切換到
diffuse 分散的
06
原文
No one would ever sing a song just one time and think it had been truly mastered. Developing expertise involves easy recall of and automaticity with key concepts and tools.
The bigger your collection of neural chunks related to solving different problems, the greater your expertise. And the greater your expertise, the more you will like what you’re learning.
沒有人能夠只唱一次就覺得自己真的掌握了一首歌。培養(yǎng)一項專業(yè)技能涉及到對關鍵概念和工具的輕松回憶和自動化。
積累的關于解決不同問題的神經(jīng)模塊越大,你的專業(yè)知識也會越淵博,而專業(yè)知識越淵博,你就會越喜歡所學的事情。
expertise 專業(yè)技能
recall 回憶