猜詞可有多種方法,下面介紹幾種常用且準確性高的方法。
一、利用上下文線索猜測詞義
1.根據(jù)同義、反義關系猜詞
Today's teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.
A. freethinking B. traditional
C. old D. happy
traditional與liberal意思相反,故選B。
2.根據(jù)句意或段落文章的上、下文猜測詞義
Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing
together with them or laughed at them.
A. discouraged B. ashamed
C. tired D. separated
根據(jù)下文的disliked playing together with them判斷此處應為"感到孤立",故選D。
二、利用構詞法猜測詞義
此法包括利用前、后綴及合成詞猜測詞義。
1.用前、后綴猜測詞義
英語中的前綴、后綴構詞頗多,且特定的"綴"往往表示特定的含義,把握住這一點,可起到"以不變應萬變"的效果。
1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.
overwork是由前綴over-加動詞構成,over有"超過,過于"之意,overwork意思是"工作過多,勞累過度"。再如,overburden負擔過重,overcharge要價過高,overdo做得過分。
英語中常用的前綴還有:
mis-錯,誤:misfortune不幸;mislead誤導;mismanage處理不當
mid-中央:midnight半夜;midway半路
under-低于:underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估
anti-反對:antibody抗體;anticyclone反氣旋;antifreeze防凍劑
下面劃線單詞為常見后綴派生詞:
1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty為名詞的標志)
2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize為及物動詞的標志,再如realize, modernize)
2.利用合成詞猜測詞義
Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.
根據(jù)短語構成及上下文意思看,此處partakes in相當于takes part in。
再如break out-outbreak(名詞"爆發(fā)"),set out-outset(名詞"起始"),come in-income(名詞"收入")
以上介紹了幾種猜測詞義的方法,相信對同學們積累詞匯、理解文章意思會有所幫助。英語學習應日積月累,并時刻做有心人,發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律,尋找技巧,提高英語水平。