雅思閱讀經(jīng)典難句分析：定語從句

　　1. Libraries made education possible, and education in its turn added to libraries; the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing.

　　要點(diǎn)：從內(nèi)容上分析，which修飾 “the growth of knowledge”

　　圖書館的出現(xiàn)使教育的發(fā)展成為可能，而教育的發(fā)展又反過來使圖書館不斷擴(kuò)大充實(shí)。知識(shí)的增長遵循了一種復(fù)利法則。由于印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明，這一知識(shí)增長過程得以大大加速。

　　2. If they can each be trusted to take such responsibilities, and to exercise such initiative as falls within their sphere, then administrative overhead will be low.

　　如果他們每個(gè)人都能予以信任承擔(dān)這樣的職責(zé)，并在他們所管轄的范圍內(nèi)發(fā)揮主動(dòng)性，那么管理費(fèi)用就會(huì)降低。

　　3. There are probably no question we can think up that can’t be answered, sooner or later, including even that matter of consciousness.

　　遲早可能不存在我們想得出但解答不了的問題，甚至包括我們意識(shí)的問題。

　　4. The curtain was rung down in that phase of history, at least, by the sudden invention of the hydrogen bomb, of the ballistic missile and of rockets that can be aimed to hit the moon.

　　至少由于氫彈、彈道導(dǎo)彈和登月火箭出人意料地發(fā)明，那個(gè)歷史時(shí)期宣告結(jié)束了。

　　5. Studies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiological mechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the ocean’s surface and last for over 70 minutes. (三個(gè)定語從句)

　　關(guān)于威德爾海豹特殊的生理機(jī)制，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里對(duì)其進(jìn)行的研究已作過詳細(xì)的描述。該生理機(jī)制使海豹可以適應(yīng)長時(shí)間潛水時(shí)出現(xiàn)的極度缺氧。海豹長時(shí)間潛水時(shí)最深可達(dá)水面以下500米，時(shí)間可持續(xù)70多分鐘。

　　6. The renaissance of the feminist movement began during the 1950’s led to the Stasist school, which sidestepped the good bad dichotomy and argued that frontier women lived lives similar t the lives of women in the East.

　　20世紀(jì)50年代女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的復(fù)興產(chǎn)生了斯塔西學(xué)派，這一學(xué)派回避好與壞的二分法，認(rèn)為邊境地區(qū)婦女和東部婦女過著同樣的生活。

　　7. Tom, the book’s protagonist, took issue with a man who doted on his household pet yet, as a slave merchant, thought “nothing of separating the husband from the wife, the parents from the children”.

　　書中的主人公湯姆與一個(gè)人發(fā)生了爭執(zhí)。這人雖然愛家中的寵物。但作為一個(gè)奴隸販子，卻認(rèn)為“拆散夫妻，讓骨肉分離算不了什么”。

　　8. We are not conscious of the extent to which work provide the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.

　　我們不了解工作給人們提供的能把充實(shí)的生活與空虛的生活區(qū)分開來的心理滿足的程度有多大。

　　9. Thus, the unity that should characterize the strong system is developed by affording opportunity for diversity, which appears to be essential if education is to develop in consideration of the needs of children and youth.

　　因此，強(qiáng)大的教育體系所具備的統(tǒng)一性這一特點(diǎn)是通過提供各種機(jī)會(huì)來達(dá)到的。如果發(fā)展教育要考慮兒童和青年的需要，多種機(jī)會(huì)就顯得至關(guān)重要。

　　10. Automobiles have been designed which operate on liquid hydrogen, but these system give rise to seemingly unavoidable problems arising from the handling of a cryogenic liquid.

　　雖然已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出液氫驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車，但是這些系統(tǒng)帶來一些由如何處理低溫液體而引發(fā)的似乎難以回避的問題。

　　11. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　行為主義者的看法是：如果一個(gè)兒童在有許多刺激物的環(huán)境中長大，而這些刺激物又能培養(yǎng)其作出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)能力，那么他就會(huì)有比較高的智力發(fā)展水平。

　　12. While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.

　　雖然有多少個(gè)歷史學(xué)家，就差不多有多少種歷史學(xué)的定義，但現(xiàn)代史學(xué)家的實(shí)踐大都趨向于這樣一種定義，即歷史學(xué)是旨在重現(xiàn)和解釋過去重大事件的學(xué)科。

　　13. While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a State’s territory, since in international law the territorial sea forms part of a State’s territory, it does represent the demarcation(分界，定界，界限)between that maritime area(internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.

　　盡管這條分界線并不算是國家領(lǐng)土的外緣邊界，但是，因?yàn)樵趪H法中領(lǐng)海也是國家領(lǐng)土的組成部分，它的確是其他國家在其內(nèi)不享有一般權(quán)利的海區(qū)(內(nèi)水域)與其他國家在其中享有某些一般權(quán)利的那些海區(qū)(領(lǐng)海及其他區(qū)域)之間的分界線。

　　14. He finds that students who were easy to teach because they succeeded in putting everything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.

　　他發(fā)現(xiàn)原先比較容易教的學(xué)生現(xiàn)在躊躇不前了：原先比較容易教是因?yàn)樗麄兡馨呀探o他們的所有東西都付諸實(shí)踐;現(xiàn)在躊躇是因?yàn)樗麄兠鎸?duì)著大量的在基礎(chǔ)教科書上所沒有接觸過的英語詞匯和慣用法。

　　15. The reader who peruses (細(xì)讀(正式)) with some attention the following pages will have occasion to see that both operational and mental aspects of physics have their place, but that neither should be stressed to the exclusion of the other.

　　讀者如果略微仔細(xì)地閱讀以下幾頁就會(huì)有理由認(rèn)為，實(shí)驗(yàn)操作和思維在物理學(xué)中都具有一定的地位，因而不能強(qiáng)調(diào)一方而忽略另一方。

　　16. The public is unhappy about the way society is going, and its view, fueled in part by the agendists and the media, seems to be that judicial (司法的)decisions unacceptable to them, regardless of the evidence or the law, will slow or change social directions.

　　公眾對(duì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的前景不樂觀，在議事人士和新聞媒體的某種鼓動(dòng)下，公眾的觀點(diǎn)似乎是：不管證據(jù)或法律，司法判決對(duì)他們來說是不可接受的，這些判決將會(huì)延緩或者改變社會(huì)走向。

　　17. But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as a pinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish(痛苦) and travail(辛苦), among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.

　　我愿意利用這個(gè)時(shí)刻，利用這個(gè)舉世矚目的講壇，向那些聽到我講話并已獻(xiàn)身同一艱苦勞動(dòng)的男女青年致敬。他們當(dāng)中肯定有人遲早也會(huì)站到我現(xiàn)在所站的地方。