雅思閱讀技巧：做單選題必須遵循的兩個(gè)規(guī)則

　　雅思閱讀中的單選題實(shí)際上是烤鴨們最熟悉的英語(yǔ)題型，但這類題卻讓不少烤鴨黯然神傷。常常找得到，看得懂，做不對(duì)。不但浪費(fèi)了時(shí)間，而且答對(duì)率也不理想。今天小編就為大家分析一道選自劍7P28的單選題Q27，旨在幫助烤鴨們加深對(duì)單選題出題思路的理解。解析之前，大家不妨試一下，題目如下：

　　The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

　　Athe power of suggestion in learning.

　　Ba particular technique for learning based on emotions.

　　Cthe effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.

　　Dways of learning which are not traditional.

　　對(duì)應(yīng)原文：

　　Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.

　　不知大家的選擇如何，但筆者的學(xué)生基本上把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)選了個(gè)遍。下面我們按照常規(guī)思路來(lái)逐一分析。

　　讀懂題干不難，問(wèn)這本書是關(guān)于啥的。由于此題為本文首題，且題干中書名為斜體，定位文章首段沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題。

　　選A選項(xiàng)的同學(xué)大有人在，并且給出了理由，原文明確指出了‘focuses on the power of suggestion’。但稍微細(xì)心點(diǎn)，回到原文我們發(fā)現(xiàn)‘One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.’這句話中，‘focuses on the power of suggestion’主語(yǔ)which指的是不是book呢，大部分學(xué)員都恍然大悟這句話指的是書中的theory。原文中描述對(duì)象為theory, 而題目問(wèn)的是book, 描述對(duì)象的截然不同就被小烤鴨們?nèi)A麗麗地忽視了。A項(xiàng)的偷換主語(yǔ)，成功地起到了張冠李戴的作用。

　　B選項(xiàng)‘a particular technique for learning based on emotions’包含了learning 和 emotions，且都為文中的信息，但信息不全，且干擾性遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有C選項(xiàng)大。C選項(xiàng)‘the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious’在很多烤鴨眼中呼應(yīng)了原文中的‘describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning’。但大家可以核對(duì)一下結(jié)構(gòu)effect of A on B, 選項(xiàng)中A 為emotion，B 為imagination and the unconscious，而原文中 A為emotion, imagination and the unconscious，B為learning。錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)C對(duì)原文進(jìn)行了偷梁換柱，迷惑了不少呆萌的烤鴨。

　　而正確答案D項(xiàng)‘ways of learning which are not traditional’貌似與原文聯(lián)系最小，但大家只要抓住題干的主語(yǔ)book, 就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)原文‘Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning’直接給出了答案，只不過(guò)運(yùn)用了‘否定+反義詞’這一同義替換手段，即將new替換為not traditional。另外，approaches 替換為ways，也一定程度上增加了難度。

　　我們回過(guò)頭來(lái)再看這一題時(shí)，有兩點(diǎn)需要反思。其一，我們應(yīng)該把更對(duì)的注意力放在題干的解讀上，搞清楚問(wèn)題的主語(yǔ)是誰(shuí)，就不至于總試圖在原文中多讀些信息，然后再憑感覺(jué)來(lái)選了。這樣的話，讀到原文中的第二句話‘One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.’的前半部分識(shí)別出這句話主語(yǔ)為theory時(shí)，就應(yīng)該不要再讀了，因?yàn)榕c題干的提問(wèn)對(duì)象不符。其二，嚴(yán)格按照原文提供的信息篩選選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)B和C很明顯是對(duì)原文中‘describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning’的改寫，稍作核對(duì)，應(yīng)該可以順利排除。畢竟，干擾選項(xiàng)在文中往往會(huì)有所涉及，要么偷梁換柱，要么信息不全。這時(shí)候，無(wú)端的臆想和一時(shí)的大意，都有可能陰溝翻船。

　　總結(jié)起來(lái)，做單選題的基本原則就是‘抓主語(yǔ)，文章說(shuō)’。題干主語(yǔ)提供了描述對(duì)象，明確了方向，而尊重文章給出的信息，就可以避免自己的一時(shí)大意和主觀臆想。

　　下面為各位烤鴨推薦一道類似題目(C5P27Q36)

　　The writer suggests that newspapers print items that arc intended to

　　Aeducate readers.

　　Bmeet their readers' expectations.

　　Cencourage feedback from readers.

　　Dmislead readers.

　　原文如下：

　　A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception.