雅思聽(tīng)力考試的關(guān)鍵詞

　　一、順序詞

　　對(duì)順序路標(biāo)詞的記憶有利于快速掌握speaker的節(jié)奏，以免跟丟題目。尤其是在流程圖一類的填空題中，或是描述實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟的獨(dú)白，這些詞可稱之為Marker words/phrases, 有時(shí)根據(jù)此類詞可以判斷音調(diào)突然轉(zhuǎn)變，應(yīng)當(dāng)多加留心。

　　☆ first, first of all ,for a start, in the first place, to begin with ...

　　second, followed by, third ,then , next , previously, before that finally, last, for one thing ,for another, meanwhile, until ,subsequently

　　☆ Now tell me ... And now (we will) ... Before I move on to ... Next, I’d like to ... Right, so the first thing ... And what about...? Well, that’s about it, except for ... I’d like not to move on to ... One more thing Finally, can you tell us...

　　二、強(qiáng)調(diào)詞

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)路標(biāo)詞有助于考生對(duì)某一細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)的理解及加深認(rèn)識(shí)，往往其后跟的就是考點(diǎn)，若對(duì)這些詞不敏感，答案往往就溜走了。而這些詞之間會(huì)進(jìn)行paraphrase(同義置換)，需注意甄別。

　　☆ That is, That is to say, I mean, namely, in particular, specially

　　☆ especially, actually, to be exact, in other words, another way of saying this, Let’s put it this way, equally, etc.

　　三、轉(zhuǎn)折詞

　　轉(zhuǎn)折路標(biāo)詞可以說(shuō)是逢考必現(xiàn)，也就是百分之百會(huì)考到，而且不止出現(xiàn)一次，所以要求考生熟練掌握。在課堂實(shí)踐教學(xué)中，朗閣海外考試研究中心發(fā)現(xiàn)有不少相當(dāng)聰明的同學(xué)，沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂對(duì)話的意思，卻能準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別出轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，從而找到正確答案(尤其是選擇題)。所以當(dāng)聽(tīng)到表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊脑~或短語(yǔ)時(shí)，考生一定要集中注意力，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)speaker會(huì)提供新信息或完全相反的觀點(diǎn)，也就是考點(diǎn)所在。需要引起注意的是，but一詞考試是會(huì)弱化的，類似于/b?/，所以考試時(shí)一定要仔細(xì)辨音。

　　☆ 強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折： but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, yet, while, whereas

　　☆ 讓步：Although, though, even if, in spite of, despite

　　☆ 對(duì)比：by/in contrast, by comparison, as a matter of fact, instead, otherwise

　　Eg. Most people tend to book twenty-four hours in advance…however, the earliest you book a computer is forty-eight hours before you need it.

　　題目：Computer can be booked up to ___hours in advance.

　　如果注意到however一詞，可知第一個(gè)數(shù)字24小時(shí)是個(gè)陷阱，而正確答案應(yīng)為48小時(shí)。

　　四、列舉詞

　　顧名思義，列舉路標(biāo)詞是細(xì)節(jié)描述最常見(jiàn)的信號(hào)詞，表示對(duì)同類事物的列舉或上文的補(bǔ)充。也就是說(shuō)，出現(xiàn)這類詞，一定是細(xì)節(jié)類的內(nèi)容，比如例子等。若未聽(tīng)清其前面的內(nèi)容，也可根據(jù)這些路標(biāo)詞推斷前文，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)靈活對(duì)待。

　　☆ for instance, for example, such as, like, likewise, similarly

　　☆ in addition to, one more thing, what’s more , furthermore, besides, also, too, as well as, moreover, together with, not only…but also, etc.

　　五、因果詞

　　說(shuō)到因果關(guān)系，考生應(yīng)該非常熟悉了。關(guān)鍵是因果關(guān)系的句子很容易進(jìn)行句式的改換，即因果位置的互換?？忌醋プ∫蚬械哪骋徊糠侄Х?，需引起注意。

　　☆ 其后跟“因”的信號(hào)詞： for, since, for the reason that, because, thanks to, owing to, due to, as a result of, originate from, etc.

　　☆ 其后跟“果”的信號(hào)詞： As a result, therefore, so, consequently, thus, lead to, result in, trigger, account for, give rise to, bring about, breed, etc.

　　六、總結(jié)詞

　　在Speaker即將結(jié)束對(duì)話或獨(dú)白時(shí)，往往會(huì)提到這類總結(jié)路標(biāo)詞。雖然位于最后，也是一個(gè)不容忽視的考點(diǎn)。

　　☆ in short , finally, therefore ,overall ,in summary, thus, on the whole, in brief, to conclude, to sum up, in a nutshell, consequently ,to sum up ,to summarize ,in conclusion

　　最后再補(bǔ)充幾點(diǎn)，語(yǔ)音信息在聽(tīng)力語(yǔ)篇中也相當(dāng)重要。Speaker會(huì)將句子中考點(diǎn)單詞重讀，語(yǔ)調(diào)和語(yǔ)氣方面也會(huì)有所不同，考生可根據(jù)這些語(yǔ)音特征的變化來(lái)甄別重要信息。如在對(duì)話中，Speaker也會(huì)在此處放慢速度;若Speaker語(yǔ)氣是升調(diào)的，那么該地方就很有可能是雅思聽(tīng)力設(shè)題的陷阱，因?yàn)檫@些詞往往是列舉，后面常出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折。對(duì)此，建議考生應(yīng)通過(guò)大量的真題練習(xí)來(lái)揣摩和適應(yīng)雅思考試語(yǔ)音的特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，以準(zhǔn)確獲取答題的關(guān)鍵信息。