三類雅思聽力比較關系介紹

在這里，我們把雅思里的比較分為三類：直接比較，即題目中包含有比較級和最高級的表達方式的題目;間接比較，即題目中并沒有直接的比較級和最高級，但是有諸如 major，majority，main，mainly等可能會用比較來進行闡述的詞匯的題目;隱含比較，即題干中未包含比較關系詞，但是選項內(nèi)包含比較的題目。

第一類：直接比較

例1 劍7 Test 2 Q 34

A German study showed there was greater ‘mixed handedness’ in musicians who

A started playing instruments in early youth

B play a string instrument such as the violin

C practice a great deal on their instrument

思路透析：題干中包括greater這個明顯的比較級，提醒考生們注意的是，在實際的聽力中，比較級的用詞可以發(fā)生同義轉(zhuǎn)換，但是這種比較關系的表達一定在聽力文本中是存在的，所以要特別關注在聽力內(nèi)容中比較的表達方式，答案就在其中。這與填空題是一致的，在填空題中如若發(fā)現(xiàn)比較表達方式，那我們可以把它當特殊關鍵詞來對待，耐心等待聽力素材中的比較表達后即可得到答案。

實際做題：在實際做題中，當聽到Germany study 時確定做題位置。

原文：keyboard players had high levels of mixed handedness， whereas string players like violinists strongly favored one hand. Also those who started younger were more mixed handed.

解題：從原文中我們不難看出，小提琴演奏者的用手習慣比較傾向于某一側。所以排除B。緊接著出現(xiàn)的整句話里出現(xiàn)了兩處比較級，more mixed handed 與greater mixed handedness 形成同義轉(zhuǎn)換，younger 與選項A中的early youth 對應，所以正確答案為A。

例2 劍7 Test 1 Q 12

The company has most camping sites in

A France

B Italy

C Switzerland

思路透析：題干中包含有most sites 這個最高級的表達方式，故做好準備去聽比較關系同義轉(zhuǎn)換即可得到答案。

實際做題：當聽到300 sites 以及Italy 等信息后可以定位做題位置

原文：In Italy we now have some 64 sites that we either own， or have exclusive use of 。 France is where we have the majority of sites， and we currently have a project to expand into Switzerland.

解題：不難發(fā)現(xiàn)majority 和most 之間存在同義轉(zhuǎn)換，故答案為A。

例3 劍2 Test 3 Q 31

The driest continent is

A Australia

B Africa

C Antarctica

思路透析：題干中有driest 這個最高級，要高度注意比較關系的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。

實際做題：聽到Australia 后確定做題位置。

原文： As I have said， Australia is a dry continent， second only to Antarctica in its lack of rainfall.

解題：不難發(fā)現(xiàn)答案是C，但值得我們注意的是，second only to 是一種特殊的比較表達方式。

第二類：間接比較

例4 劍3 Test 1 Q 32

According to the speaker， the main cause of back pain in women is

A pregnancy

B osteoporosis

C lack of exercise

思路透析：在審題中發(fā)現(xiàn)有main cause 這樣的間接比較提示詞，那此題很顯然要列出幾個造成女性背疼的原因，但是要進行對比得出誰是主要原因。

實際做題：聽到women 就確定了做題位置。

原文：The majority of our patients at the clinic tend to be women. They are especially vulnerable because of pregnancy but also because of osteoprosis， which I personally believe to be the major cause of problems for women.

解題：在原文中我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)pregnancy 和 osteoprosis 是并列出現(xiàn)的，但是后者緊跟著就是一個非限定性的定語從句，指出后者是major cause，也就是main cause的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，故答案為B。

例5 劍2 Test 4 Q 32

The main research method was

A interviews

B questionnaires

C observation

思路透析：審題時發(fā)現(xiàn)有main 這樣一個比較關系提示詞，做好聽到比較關系的準備。

實際做題：可以用research來進行定位。

原文：For our research we depend mainly on talking to individuals， asking them questions rather than using written questionnaires.

解題：此題中 depend mainly on 與題目中的main形成呼應，從與個人談話，問他們問題中不難看出是在進行interview，故答案為A。但值得注意的是rather than 這種表示對比的結構，它表達的意思是“而不是”的意思，通常是拿來排除某個選項的。

第三類：隱含比較

例6 劍3 Test 3 Q 37

Ostrich meat

A has more protein than beef

B Tastes nearly as good as beef

C is very filling

思路透析：雖然題干較短，而且沒有比較指示詞，但是AB兩個選項都存在著比較，故此題依然以聽比較關系為重點。

實際做題：原文：Ostrich meat is slightly higher in protein than beef， and much lower in fats and cholesterol. It tastes good too. A series of European taste tests found that 82% of people prefer ostrich to beef.

解題：其實答案A 很明顯，幾乎是原詞重現(xiàn)。B錯誤的原因是大多數(shù)人們覺得鴕鳥肉比牛肉好吃，并不是一樣好吃。要注意在比較時經(jīng)常加入slightly 這樣的副詞來修飾比較級。

例7 劍4 Test 4 Q 14

On Travelite holidays，people holidaying alone pay

A the same as other clients

B only a little more than other clients

C extra only if they stay in a large room

思路透析：題目要求是說獨自度假的人要付多少錢，從選項AB不難看出，此題要拿獨自旅行的人和其他人做比較了。

實際做題：原文：We also pride ourselves on our friendly service，particularly important for the increasing numbers of people who choose to holiday alone. Unlike almost all travel operators who happily charge large supplements for single room，we guarantee that no single client will pay more，even when only double rooms are available for them.

解題：unlike一句表示與其他旅行機構進行對比，我們保證不多收錢，注意這里pay more 前面有否定詞no，這樣會加大反應和解題的難度，多數(shù)學員聽到pay more就去選擇B了，這樣很可惜。Even一句更是強調(diào)了無論什么情況都不加錢，排除C。正確答案為A 。

例8 劍6 Test 4 Q 34

Very few African lions have

A a long mane

B a coat with varied colours

C a fold of skin on their stomach

思路透析：雖然題干與選項中都沒有明顯的比較關系，但是縱觀上下題目即可發(fā)現(xiàn)，本文重點講的就是Asiatic lions 和 African lions 的對比。

實際做題：原文：The colour is more or less the same， but the appearance of the mane is different-that’s the hair around the lion’s face and neck. The Asiatic lion’s mane is noticeably shorter than the African lion’s. Asiatic lions also have a long fold of skin on their undersides， whereas not many African lions have that.

解題：顏色more or less the same，故排除B。African lion 的mane比Asiatic的長，排除A。通過最后一句轉(zhuǎn)折中的not many 與few 形成同意轉(zhuǎn)換得到答案C。此題難點在于比較的主體兩種獅子的前后順序變化要注意，并且題干中本身帶有few這樣的否定詞匯，又增加了難度。